Overlap – Knowledge and References

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ORAM: A Structured Method for Integrating Human Factors into SPAD Risk Assessment

Published in John R. Wilson, Beverley Norris, Theresa Clarke, Ann Mills, Rail Human Factors, 2017

There are several hundred SPADs on the UK rail network every year. However many of these do not have the potential to cause harm because they are caused by train drivers making minor misjudgements of distance or braking capability, or they occur at low speed during shunting movements. In many cases trains stop within the safety overlap provided at the signal. The overlap is the track's safety margin at the signal that protects against drivers misjudging their braking. The most serious SPADs are those when trains run past the overlap and there is a possibility of a collision with another train.

A novel numerical approach for investigation of the heat transport in a full 3D brake system of high-speed trains

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Journal Information

Published in Numerical Heat Transfer, Part A: Applications, 2019

Peng Ji, Fan Wu, Guoliang Zhang, Xiaofang Yin, Dmitri Vainchtein

Due to the presence of cooling fins on the brake discs, in the process of the wheel and brake discs rotation, the mesh of air could overlap the mesh of solid, thus failing the simulation. In our approach, the interface between the rotating and stationary regions is chosen to be axisymmetric about the axis of rotation so that the mesh cells do not intersect during the mesh sliding. The wheel, the brakes discs, and two volumes of air sealed inside are contained in the rotating region, see Figure 3. Note that the motion of the solid walls and the flow from the inlet determine the flow field, while the rotation of the mesh of air volumes has no effect on it.