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Shaft Design
Published in Wei Tong, Mechanical Design and Manufacturing of Electric Motors, 2022
The dimensions of O-ring are defined by the OD (or ID) and its cross section diameter d. O-rings are typically made of elastomers, including acrylonitrile–butadiene, carboxylated nitrile, ethylene–propylene rubber, fluorocarbon, and silicone rubber (high-temperature applications up to and above 300°C), to name a few.
Optical Instrument Structural Design
Published in Paul Yoder, Daniel Vukobratovich, Opto-Mechanical Systems Design, 2017
In the eyepiece for the Swarovski riflescope shown in Figure 7.90, the outermost eye lens is statically sealed into its cell with an O-ring. These rings are shaped as thin doughnuts (tori) with thin circular cross sections and smooth outer surfaces. Natural rubber O-rings were first applied as seals in WWII military aircraft hydraulic systems. They are widely used today in optical instruments as compressed static gaskets and as seals for rotating shafts and for tubes sliding inside one another. O-rings are now commonly made of materials such as Buna-N (a synthetic rubber copolymer), ethylene propylene, silicone, and some other less common materials. They are available from many suppliers and in a wide variety of sizes.
Seals and Packing
Published in Don Renner, Hands-On Water/Wastewater Equipment Maintenance, 2017
11.26 In addition to the fabricated case type oil seals, there are other types of sealing devices used for a number of different applications. Another sealing device frequently used by manufacturers is the O-ring, which are simple devices used for a large variety of fluid-sealing devices. They can be used as seals on rotating, sliding, and static (gasket) applications. Most notably, O-rings are a component of mechanical seals as well as sealing devices for hydraulic pistons and rams(Figure 11.6).
Numerical and experimental study on the friction of O ring for hydraulic seals
Published in Australian Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2021
Yong Sang, Xudong Wang, Weiqi Sun, Pengkun Liu
The O-ring is made of nitrile rubber, which is a hyper-elastic material. Thus the Finite Element Analysis of O-ring is relatively complex because there are some nonlinear problems in the analysis including geometric nonlinearity, material nonlinearity and contact nonlinearity. Geometric nonlinearity is caused by the large deformation of O-ring, which results in a great change of the force exerted on the O-ring. Thus it can not be analysed by linear system method. Material nonlinearity is reflected in the aspect that the stress–strain relationship of rubber material can not be depicted using an elastic-plastic curve but it can be expressed with a strain energy density function. Contact nonlinearity is mainly shown in the aspect that the position and size of the contact area are unpredictable in advance and the contact state varying with time needs to be determined during the process of computation. The current study using Finite Element Analysis method places emphasis on the properties of O-sealing ring. For sake of the precision of the computational results, the mesh quality of O-sealing ring must be high while other parts could reduce it approximately given the considerable computation time. Sketch of mesh generation of O-sealing ring is shown in Figure 2. A mesh convergence study is carried out using different mesh sizes. The mesh generation method is automatic. Eventually, mesh nodes of 39,286 and elements of 13,007 are generated and it is concluded that the error by using the current mesh is within 5%.