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IoT-Enabled Vision System for Detection of Tint Level
Published in B.K. Tripathy, J. Anuradha, Internet of Things (IoT), 2017
From the ROI, we can find the ratio of height and width of the vehicle which is directly related with the width and breadth of image rectangle. From this obtained ratio, the type of vehicle is determined such as hatchback or notchback (sedan class). The windscreen/window area generally changes according to the type of vehicle. For example, in the sedan class vehicles, the windscreen location is nearly at the middle whereas in hatchback vehicles, it is slightly at the rear side of the vehicle. Thus, the vehicle tint location can be easily obtained for different class of vehicles. Once the vehicle class/type is extracted, then we can extract the windshield/window tint area of the vehicle and on this cropped area we apply our three basic techniques of tint detection, namely contour detection, histogram analysis, and color segmentation.
Optimization of the position of Savonius turbines mounted on a hybrid vehicle by CFD analysis
Published in International Journal of Green Energy, 2022
M.C. Feudjio Nguefack, B.E. Mtopi Fotso, M. Fogue
Some flow characteristics of the single-vehicle model are shown in Figure 14. We can see that in Figure 14a the vehicle exhibits the flow characteristics of a typical sedan notchback body. We can notice that the air particles, which move in the distance begin to be braked progressively to the front of the vehicle at the level of the bumper before being accelerated on the roof until reaching the average speeds of 40 m/s; the flow is again slowed or almost stopped at the rear of the vehicle. When the air moving over the vehicle is separated at the rear, it leaves a large, turbulent region of low-pressure behind the vehicle known as the wake. This wake contributes to the formation of pressure drag, which helps reduce vehicle performance. Figure 14c, shows that the flow along the vehicle body is tied up to the tailgate and that there are two small recirculation areas at the rear. The pressure contours shown in Figure 14b and Figure 14c in the plane of symmetry show the maximum pressure on the front bumper, the base of the windshield, and that of the rear window. We can also note the negative pressures on the roof and on the hood corresponding to the areas of flow acceleration.