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A comparative study on electrocentrifuge spinning and electrospinning process as two different nanofiber creation techniques
Published in A. K. Haghi, Lionello Pogliani, Eduardo A. Castro, Devrim Balköse, Omari V. Mukbaniani, Chin Hua Chia, Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, 2017
Centrifugal force is an outward force apparent in a rotating reference frame; it does not exist when measurements are made in an inertial frame of reference. All measurements of position and velocity must be made relative to some frame of reference. For example, if we are studying the motion of an object in an airliner traveling at great speed, we could calculate the motion of the object with respect to the interior of the airliner, or to the surface of the earth. An inertial frame of reference is one that is not accelerating (including rotation). The use of an inertial frame of reference, which will be the case for all elementary calculations, is often not explicitly stated but may generally be assumed unless stated otherwise.35, 36
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Published in Dmitry N. Lyubimov, Kirill N. Dolgopolov, L.S. Pinchuk, Quantum Effects in Tribology, 2017
Dmitry N. Lyubimov, Kirill N. Dolgopolov, L.S. Pinchuk
Galileo’s principle of relativity states that in all inertial frames of reference (the law of inertia is just in them) any mechanical process occurs identically (with the same initial conditions), i.e. they are absolutely equal. This corresponds to Newton’s corpuscular theory of light, according to which the emission of corpuscles is a mechanical process. The source of light that moves with velocity v emits corpuscles that fly with velocity c ± v, where c is the velocity of the corpuscles in the stationary system and the ± sign depends on whether the directions of the velocity vectors of light and its source are same or opposite. This conclusion, being natural for classical mechanics, was contrary to the results of fine experiments of a new fundamental physical doctrine – the theory of relativity that originated at the turn of 19th - 20th centuries. One of the fundamental conclusions of the relativity theory is the independence of the speed of light from the motion of its source.
Drag reduction using velocity control in Taylor–Couette flows
Published in Journal of Turbulence, 2022
Obaidullah Khawar, M. F. Baig, Sanjeev Sanghi
Direct numerical simulations have been performed with 3D MPI parallel in-house code in cylindrical coordinate for incompressible flows. The non-dimensionalised form of the governing equations in inertial frame of reference are as under: where U is the velocity vector. The non-dimensionalisation of the governing equations has been performed based on the gap-width D as the length scale; azimuthal velocity of the inner cylinder as the velocity scale (); dynamic pressure as the pressure scale. A non-dimensional number Re = thus comes into picture, which is considered 3000 throughout the simulations.
Dynamic analysis and control of a string-stiffened single-link flexible manipulator with flexible joint
Published in Mechanics Based Design of Structures and Machines, 2022
The single-link flexible manipulator in its deflected condition has been shown in Fig. 5. OA is the radius of the hub of the manipulator while AB is the flexible link. XOY is the inertial frame of reference while xoy is the body-attached frame of reference. At the tip of the link, there is a payload of mass The hub radius is is the length of the flexible link in the deflected condition. is the axial displacement while is the deflection of the link in the y-direction in the body attached frame of reference. At any instant of time the link subscribes to an angle from the X-axis of the inertial frame at the hub center.
Numerical investigation of thermal gasification in enclosed screw-conveyor reactor for removal of 14C from irradiated graphite waste
Published in Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 2020
The flow of graphite particles in the screw-conveyor reactor is predicted using the continuum descriptions and a rotating non-inertial reference frame [24]. The momentum equation can be applied only in an inertial frame of reference. Therefore, by replacing the volumetric force term F in Equation (9) with fictitious inertial forces that describe the rotating motion of bodies relative to the inertial reference frame, a graphite particle flow rotating in the tube of the screw conveyor at a constant angular velocity is simulated without reconstructing a computational mesh. The volumetric force term for the Coriolis force and centripetal force arising from the rotation of the reference frame is defined as follows: