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Water Quality Models for Developing Soil Management Practices
Published in R. Lal, B. A. Stewart, Soil Processes and Water Quality, 2020
J.R. Williams, J.G. Arnold, C.A. Jones, V.W. Benson, R.H. Griggs
HSPF uses such information as the time history of rainfall, temperature, solar intensity, and parameters related to land use patterns, soil characteristics, and agricultural practices to simulate the processes that occur in a watershed. The initial result of an HSPF simulation is a time history of the quantity and quality of water transported over the land surface and through various soil zones down to the groundwater aquifers. Runoff flow rate, sediment loads, nutrients, pesticides, toxic chemicals and other quality constituent concentrations can be predicted. The model then takes these results and information about the receiving water channels in the watershed and simulates the processes that occur in these channels. This part of the simulation produces a time history of water quantity and quality at any point in the watershed.
Historical development of hydrological modelling
Published in A. W. Jayawardena, Environmental and Hydrological Systems Modelling, 2013
There are also other less widely used models such as SWMM – Storm Water Management Model; SWAT – Soil and Water Assessment Tool; QUALHYMO – Storm Water Runoff Model; HSPF – Hydrological Simulation Program Fortran; AGNPS – Agricultural Non-Point Source Pollution Model; PRMS – Precipitation–Runoff Modelling System; SSARR – Streamflow Synthesis and Reservoir Regulation Model; HELP – Hydrological Evaluation of Landfill Performance; WATER BUDGET – Cumming Cockburn Limited Water Budget Model; SAC-SMA – Sacramento Soil Moisture Accounting model, used by the National Weather River Forecasting System for flood forecasting in the United States; and ANSWERS – Areal Non-Point Source Watershed Environment.
Estimating total nitrogen and phosphorus losses in a data-poor Ethiopian catchment
Published in Eskinder Zinabu Belachew, Estimating Combined Loads of Diffuse and Point-Source Pollutants into the Borkena River, Ethiopia, 2019
BASINS (Better Assessment Science Integrating Point and Non-point Sources) is a customized open source GIS application (MapWindow) designed for watershed and water quality based studies (USEPA, 2015, 2008; Edwards and Miller, 2001). The current version “BASIN” 4.1” system incorporates the catchment modelling tools HSPF, SWAT, PLOAD and SWMM (USEPA, 2015). The GIS feature in BASINS provide a visual interpretation of data and displays landscape information, thus allowing to map and integrate land use and point source discharges at a scale chosen by the use.
The Iowa Watersheds Project: Iowa's prototype for engaging communities and professionals in watershed hazard mitigation
Published in International Journal of River Basin Management, 2018
Larry J. Weber, Marian Muste, A. Allen Bradley, Antonio Arenas Amado, Ibrahim Demir, Chad W. Drake, Witold F. Krajewski, Tony J. Loeser, Marcela S. Politano, Breanna R. Shea, Nicholas W. Thomas
Although the physically based HGS model can resolve landscape features explicitly, it comes with a cost: very high computational time. For example, the computational time for each year of simulation of the Beaver Creek mesh is about four days using one 64 GB node 2.6 GHz 16 Core. Therefore, we explored some simpler hydrologic models to simulate the effects of flood storage and land use practices. In two of the subwatersheds (Beaver and Otter creeks), researchers used the Hydrological Simulation Program-FORTRAN (HSPF) (Bicknell et al. 1997) to evaluate the project performance. HSPF is designed to make long-term continuous simulations of hydrologic (rainfall-runoff) and water-quality (e.g. nutrient) processes of a watershed, and has been used for water-quantity and -quality simulation of large and small watersheds across Iowa (Donigian et al. 1983, Donigian et al. 1984). HSPF uses a conceptual approach to represent the water cycle in a spatially lumped manner. For the Beaver Creek Watershed, five lumped land segment areas defined by land use (e.g. croplands, ungrazed grassland, forest, grazed grassland, and built-up areas) represented the land surface, and 59 stream reaches represented the stream network. This simplified representation enabled simulations of a continuous 65-year period at a one-hour time step for land surface runoff, and a five-minute time step for stream network routing. Statistical analysis of the 65-year simulated flood record evaluates the effectiveness of project structures in reducing flood frequencies and their performance of individual historical events (Figure 6).
Assessing the effects of migratory waterbird droppings on potential lake eutrophication using water quality models: A case study of Yangming Lake on Kinmen Island, Taiwan.
Published in Inland Waters, 2023
Chi-Feng Chen, Yang-Ming Chen, Jen-Yang Lin
HSPF is a basin-scale analysis model capable of assessing watershed hydrology and water quality and allows the integrated simulation of land and soil contaminant runoff processes (USEPA). The HSPF was incorporated into Better Assessment Science Integrating Point and Nonpoint Sources (BASINS 4.5), which is a program developed by the USEPA and can be downloaded publicly from the official website (https://www.epa.gov/ceam/hydrological-simulation-program-fortran-hspf). The details about BASIN/HSPF can be found on the official website and are not addressed here. The HSPF used in this study was calibrated and verified and then applied as a reliable tool for further scenario analysis.
Impact of BMPs on water quality: a case study in Big Sunflower River watershed, Mississippi
Published in International Journal of River Basin Management, 2022
Avay Risal, Prem B. Parajuli, Ying Ouyang
The HSPF is one of the core watershed models of the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), Better Assessment Science Integrating Point and Nonpoint Sources (BASINS), and Army Corps Watershed Modelling System (WMS). It is a continuous simulation, distributed parameter watershed scale model capable of simulating surface and subsurface streamflow, sediment loading, nutrient transport, and benthic process from various land surfaces, soil and within streams under different climatic conditions (Kim et al., 2007; Mishra, Kar, et al., 2007).