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Architectural Acoustics
Published in Malcolm J. Crocker, A. John Price, Noise and Noise Control, 2018
Malcolm J. Crocker, A. John Price
Geometric acoustics assumes that we can represent outgoing spherical waves from a sound source by "rays" travelling perpendicular to the advancing wave front. This is similar to the optical ray concept used to describe, for example, the behavior of optical lenses and instruments. Indeed, just as in optics, sound rays are found to obey the following laws of reflection when they strike a rigid smooth surface: 1. Both the incident and reflected rays lie in the same plane.2. The angle θ1, which the incident ray makes with the normal to the reflecting surface is equal to the angle of reflection θ2 (see Figure 5.1).
Propagation II:Mathematical Models (Part One)
Published in Paul C. Etter, Underwater Acoustic Modeling and Simulation, 2017
Equation 4.4 contains the real terms and defines the geometry of the rays. Equation 4.5, also known as the transport equation, contains the imaginary terms and determines the wave amplitudes. The separation of functions is performed under the assumption that the amplitude varies more slowly with position than does the phase (geometrical acoustics approximation). The geometrical acoustics approximation is a condition in which the fractional change in the sound-speed gradient over a wavelength is small compared to the gradient c/λ, where c is the speed of sound and λ is the acoustic wavelength. Specifically, () 1A∇2A≪k2
Introduction to room acoustics
Published in Jens Holger Rindel, Sound Insulation in Buildings, 2018
In geometrical acoustics, rays are used to describe sound propagation. The concept of rays implies that the wavelength and the phase of the sound are neglected, and only the direction of sound energy propagation is treated.
Acoustical Footprint of the Traditional Turkish Baths in Historic Settings
Published in International Journal of Architectural Heritage, 2023
Zeynep Bora Özyurt, Zühre Sü Gül
There are various room acoustic simulation and modeling techniques, which can be grouped under wave-based and geometric acoustics simulations (Savioja and Xiang 2020). Wave-based techniques are computationally not efficient for mid to high frequencies and especially challenging for simulating real-case structures. Geometrical acoustics (GA) simulations assume the sound waves as rays, neglecting mostly wave-based phenomena, so less accurate but computationally much more efficient and plausible to be used in both research and practice. In recent years, scale models as well have started to be replaced by geometric acoustics software, which is constantly under development. In this context, hybrid models including image source and ray-tracing have been applied most frequently both in theoretical research and in practice. GA models are capable of estimating variations within the sound field due to different source and receiver configurations. In order to obtain realistic results from ray-tracing, absorption coefficient values of interior finishing materials should be well defined into a virtual model. Detailed information on simulation setup is presented in Table 2.