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Shaft Design
Published in Wei Tong, Mechanical Design and Manufacturing of Electric Motors, 2022
This type of seal differs from the previous one in some respects. First, the seal is stretched and mounted onto a rotating shaft rather than on a stationary motor endbell. Typically, the main function of the seal is to act as a face seal to prevent the ingress of dirt, dust, oil, and water. Second, the sealing face is the flat end surface of an endbell rather than the cylindrical shaft surface (Figure 3.25). Because the shaft radial runout is generally larger than its axial displacement, this sealing configuration can help improve the sealing performance. In fact, sealing on a flat face is easier than on a curved face. Third, the sealing pressure can be changed by adjusting the relative position of the seal to the sealing face. Finally, a high external pressure always pushes the seal lip closer to the sealing face, leading to the enhanced sealing performance but increased friction on the sealing face.
Applications: Engineering with Ceramics
Published in David W. Richerson, William E. Lee, Modern Ceramic Engineering, 2018
David W. Richerson, William E. Lee
A seal is an engineered interface designed to prevent leakage at a surface of contact between two materials. When someone asks for an example of a seal, most of us immediately think of one of the thousands of uses of gaskets. Gaskets are typically made of a flexible organic material (such as rubber, polyurethane, Teflon, nylon, or cork) or a soft ductile metal. Under a load, the material deforms and fills spaces that would otherwise be paths for leakage. Good examples are the gaskets in our automobile engines and the gaskets at hose and plumbing junctions. Easily deformed materials are ideal for these seals. However, many applications require a seal between rapidly moving parts where a deformable or soft material would cause too much friction and would wear away quickly. Such a seal is usually referred to as a “face seal.” Other seals must operate at too high a temperature for a polymer or in a severe chemical environment that would rapidly degrade a polymer or metal. These are the cases where a ceramic material is optimum.
Bearings and Seals
Published in Peter Lynwander, Gear Drive Systems, 2019
If any of the conditions noted above result in oil leakage, several solutions are possible: Lip seals with greater interference or higher spring force can be used; however, this may result in excessive wear.Labyrinth seals can be internally pressurized or internally drained to prevent oil leakage.A face seal can be incorporated which can seal against small pressure differentials.
Development of an Apparatus for Testing of High-Temperature Static Seals
Published in Tribology Transactions, 2021
Abdolkarim Sheikhansari, Jonathan Knapton, Diego Benito, Ben Shaw, Ehsan Alborzi, Simon Blakey
In the face seal arrangement the axis of the seal is normal to the sealing surfaces. These setups consist of an HP head, a top plate, and a bottom plate, as illustrated in Fig. 3. The face seal is installed in a groove on the bottom plate and sandwiched between the top and bottom plates. The HP head is connected to the top plate to enclose the HP chamber. The test seals are internally pressurized in the face seal setups. The seal groove is designed based on standard ARP1234B to accommodate 239 seals. All contact surfaces in both piston and face seal designs are sealed using high-temperature graphite gaskets (KLINGER Graphite Laminate SLS/AS) to provide an airtight environment for seal testing.