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Africa
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Introduction to Medium-and High-Power Switching Converters
Published in Dorin O. Neacsu, Switching Power Converters, 2017
The development, especially in Europe and Japan, of power electronics used in locomotive propulsion has encouraged replacement of gate turn-off thyristors (GTOs) switches by their modern insular gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) counterparts. Traditional GTO solutions [6] were in use since early 1990 s, in the 6.4 MW EuroSprinter locomotive built by Krauss-Maffei and Siemens. Other examples are the locomotives RENFE8252 in Spain and CPLE5600 in Portugal. Other important corporations playing a role in railway electrification are Alstom, Bombardier Transportation (which absorbed the former ABB/ADTranz), or new comers such as the Swiss’ Stadler Rail in cooperation with ABB.
Public acceptance of electric roadways: The case of Los Angeles, California
Published in International Journal of Sustainable Transportation, 2023
Theodora Konstantinou, Christos Gkartzonikas, Konstantina Gkritza
Hardware demonstrations and feasibility studies around the world have shown great interest in the dynamic wireless charging technology of ERs. In the United States (US), the Partners for Advanced Transit and Highways project, led by the University of California, Berkeley, conducted a pilot test of dynamic wireless charging between 1980s and 1990s (Ahn, 2013; Kim et al., 2013; Lechner et al., 1993; Shladover, 2007; Systems Control Technology, Inc., 1994). Utah State University has constructed an electrified test track and has demonstrated that in-motion EVs can be effectively and safely charged through dynamic wireless charging (Liu & Song, 2017; Utah State University, n.d.). The Oak Ridge National Laboratory is also focusing on quasi- and dynamic wireless charging solutions (Brecher & Arthur, 2014; Miller et al., 2015). Outside the US, pilot programs on wireless inductive charging are underway in France and Italy (FABRIC, 2017), Spain (Bludszuweit, 2016), Germany and Belgium (IPT Technology, n.d.), and Israel (Electreon, 2017). The PRIMOVE (e-mobility unit of Bombardier Transportation) charging solution focuses on light rail or bus fleet operations and is being tested in different European cities as well (Brecher & Arthur, 2014; Cirimele et al., 2016). Another project, the UNPLUGGED, has conducted a feasibility analysis of dynamic en-route charging technologies for long-term driving range extension and has built two wireless charging systems in Spain and Germany (Unplugged, 2015). The Smartroad Gotland demonstration includes testing the dynamic wireless charging for long-haul trucks and buses in Sweden (SmartRoad Gotland, n.d.). Last, the Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) in South Korea has developed an online EV system using dynamic wireless charging technology and implemented it in the shuttle system of the KAIST campus (Suh et al., 2011).