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Materials for Nanosensors
Published in Vinod Kumar Khanna, Nanosensors, 2021
What are nanoporous materials? Nanoporous materials are those having pore sizes less than 100 nm. Such materials are found in abundance in the natural world, both in biological systems and natural minerals. The walls of animal cells are made of nanoporous membranes. The petroleum industry has long used nanoporous materials called zeolites (microporous, aluminosilicate minerals) as catalysts (Sun et al. 2008). Aerogels are highly porous materials manufactured with the lowest bulk density of any known porous solid. They can have densities as low as four times that of air. They are derived from a gel whose liquid component has been replaced with a gas. For silica aerogels, the distribution of pore sizes has a peak of around 5 nm radius. Activated carbon, a form of nanoporous carbon, is another interesting material. Advances in the capacity to view and manipulate material at the nano level have enabled the directed design of nanoporous materials, rather than to exploit their opportunistic availability. The main research challenges in nanoporous materials include the fundamental understanding of structure-property relationships and the tailor-made design of nanostructures for specific properties and applications.
Nanotechnology Applications in Diesel Fuels and Related Research Fields
Published in Ozcan Konur, Biodiesel Fuels, 2021
Lin et al. (2012) report on nanoporous polystyrene (PS) fibers, prepared via a one-step electrospinning process, used as oil sorbents for cleaning up oil spills in a paper with 155 citations. They observe that the oleophilic-hydrophobic PS oil sorbent with highly porous structures had a motor oil sorption capacity of 113.87 g/g, approximately three to four times that of natural sorbents and nonwoven polypropylene fibrous mats. Additionally, the sorbents also exhibited a relatively high sorption capacity for edible oils, such as bean oil (111.80 g/g) and sunflower seed oil (96.89 g/g). They examine the oil sorption mechanism of the PS sorbent and the sorption kinetics. They conclude that these nanoporous materials have great potential for use in wastewater treatment, oil accident remediation, and environmental protection.
Dimensionality Transformation of Layered Materials toward the Design of Functional Nanomaterials
Published in Kazuhiro Shikinaka, Functionalization of Molecular Architectures, 2018
Nanostructured materials, such as nanoparticles, nanorods, nanosheets, and nanoporous materials, are of great importance for the development of nanotechnology [1]. Nanoparticles have unique nano-size effects, and nanoporous materials can be used for materials storage, materials transport, and reaction fields. Dimensionality of nanostructures provides a useful viewpoint toward nanostructural design of materials (Fig. 4.1). For example, zero-dimensional (0D) nanoparticles have quantum-well potential in all axes, providing remarkable nano-size effects, such as localized surface plasmon and superparamagnetism [2, 3]. One-dimensional (1D) nanorods/wires and two-dimensional (2D) nanosheets have characteristic charge transport properties [4]. Three-dimensional (3D) materials have good mechanical properties, compared with low-dimensional materials, because of their robust framework, and they are useful as catalyst supports, separation media, adsorbents, and so on [5].
Mn2O3 nanoparticle impregnated glycine max husks for the optimization of oil remediation in contaminated water
Published in Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A, 2022
Ikeokwu Ogbu, Cynthia Ibeto, Assumpta Chinwe Nwanya, Chukwuma Okoye
Treatment of sorbent by the impregnation of nanoparticles from metal oxides into it[9] is among one of the most recently applied modification methods that have improved the abstraction of oil in contaminated water surfaces. Nano materials are materials that have pores below 100 nm in size, which are usually similar to the dimension of individual molecules. Nanoporous materials are multipurpose and can be employed in a multiplicity of industrial applications, including sorption, catalytic reactions and many environmental treatments, owing to the existence of voids of manageable dimension within the molecular, atomic, as well as nanometer scales.[10] In addition, their improved surface area and high porosity make them suitable for sorption of oil.
Air dehumidification with advance adsorptive materials for food drying: A critical assessment for future prospective
Published in Drying Technology, 2021
Mohamad Djaeni, Dewi Qurrota A’yuni, Misbahudin Alhanif, Ching Lik Hii, Andri Cahyo Kumoro
Compared with commercial adsorbents, the moisture adsorption capacity of silica ash is still lower. The adsorbent must be modified into nanometer-sized porous materials to be properly applied in the air dehumidification system. Nanoporous materials are good adsorbents because of their very high surface areas. At the same time, a study on the water affinity must be conducted. In the drying process with air dehumidification, a sustainable adsorbent with a high-performance capacity is strongly recommended.
Numerical experiments on effect of morphology on wave propagation in nanoporous materials
Published in Mechanics of Advanced Materials and Structures, 2018
Nanoporous materials have been an interest of researchers due to their applications in different areas such as sensor technology, energy storage, functional materials design, and biological materials behavior [1–4]. Chemical, electrochemical dealloying and nanocasting is widely used in manufacturing [5, 6]. Effective properties depend on morphological parameters such as pore diameter, correlation length and curvature of internal structures, effective density and manufacturing process [5, 7, 8].