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Zeolite Transformation Layers in Discriminating Metal Oxide Semiconductor Gas Sensors
Published in Kevin Yallup, Krzysztof Iniewski, Technologies for Smart Sensors and Sensor Fusion, 2017
The powders were analyzed using XRD. The CTO was isostructural with eskolaite (Cr2O3), with no other phases present, indicating that the titanium had been successfully substituted in place of chromium in the CTO structure. EDAX and XPS confirmed the powder composition of Cr1.95Ti0.05O3. The XRD of the tungsten oxide indicated the expected WO3 phase; no other phase was observed.
Properties of the Elements and Inorganic Compounds
Published in W. M. Haynes, David R. Lide, Thomas J. Bruno, CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 2016
W. M. Haynes, David R. Lide, Thomas J. Bruno
Name Enstatite Epidote Epsomite Eskolaite Eucairite Euclase Famatimite Ferberite Ferriannite Ferroselite Ferrotremolite Fluorapatite Fluor-edenite Fluor-humite Fluorite Fluor-norbergite Fluor-phlogopite Fluor-richterite Fluor-tremolite Frohbergite Gahnite Galaxite Galena Gallium(III) oxide Fe-Gehlenite Geikielite Gerhardite Gersdorfite Gibbsite Glauchroite Glaucodot Glaucophane I Glaucophane II Goethite Gold Goldmanite Greenockite Greigite Grossularite Grunerite Gudmundite Gypsum Halite Hambergite Hardystonite Hauerite Hausmannite Hawleyite Heazelwoodite Hedenbergite Hematite Hemimorphite Herzenbergite Hessite Hexahydrite High albite High argentite High bornite High carnegeite High chalcocite Formula Crystal system orthorhombic monoclinic orthorhombic rhombohedral orthorhombic monoclinic tetragonal monoclinic monoclinic orthorhombic monoclinic hexagonal monoclinic orthorhombic cubic orthorhombic monoclinic monoclinic monoclinic orthorhombic cubic cubic cubic rhombohedral tetragonal rhombohedral orthorhombic cubic monoclinic orthorhombic orthorhombic monoclinic monoclinic orthorhombic cubic cubic hexagonal cubic cubic monoclinic monoclinic monoclinic cubic orthorhombic tetragonal cubic tetragonal cubic rhombohedral monoclinic rhombohedral orthorhombic orthorhombic monoclinic monoclinic triclinic cubic cubic cubic hexagonal Structure type Z 16 2 4 6 10 4 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 4 4 4 2 2 2 2 8 8 4 6 2 6 4 4 8 4 24 2 2 4 4 8 2 8 8 2 8 4 4 8 2 4 8 4 3 4 6 2 4 4 8 4 4 1 4 2 a/Å 8.829 8.89 11.86 4.9607 4.105 4.763 5.384 4.732 5.430 4.801 9.97 9.3684 9.847 10.243 5.4638 8.727 5.299 9.823 9.781 5.265 8.0848 8.258 5.9360 4.9793 7.54 5.054 6.075 5.693 9.719 4.944 6.64 9.748 9.663 4.596 4.0786 12.070 4.1354 9.876 11.851 9.572 10.00 5.68 5.6402 9.755 7.87 6.1014 8.136 5.833 5.746 9.854 5.025 8.370 4.328 8.13 10.110 8.160 6.269 5.50 7.325 3.961 b/Å 18.22 5.63 11.99 20.35 14.29 5.708 9.404 5.778 18.34 18.00 20.72 10.271 9.188 17.96 18.01 6.265 c/Å 5.192 10.19 6.858 13.599 6.31 4.618 10.770 4.965 10.341 3.587 5.30 6.8841 5.282 4.735 4.709 10.135 5.268 5.267 3.869 /° /° 115.40
Stabilization of carbon dioxide and chromium slag via carbonation
Published in Environmental Technology, 2017
Xingxing Wu, Binbin Yu, Wei Xu, Zheng Fan, Zucheng Wu, Huimin Zhang
Powdered X-ray diffraction (XRD) of pre- and post-carbonated chromium slags was conducted on a sample taken from setup using sample 1 and pure CO2. As shown in Figure 4(a), the main mineralogical composition of the pre-chromium slag are periclase (MgO), portlandite (Ca(OH)2) and some calcium salt, including larnite (Ca2SiO4), calcium manganese oxide (CaMnO3), chromatite (CaCrO4) and brownmillerite (Ca2(Al, Fe+3)2O5). Chromium is present in the form of eskolaite (Cr2O3), sodium chromium oxide (NaCrO2) and chromatite (CaCrO4). Compared with pre-carbonated chromium slag, there are some changes in the powdered XRDs of post-carbonated chromium slags (Figure 4(b)). Although calcite is the only carbonate species in the dynamic leaching procedure, the presence of calcite indicates that the sequestration of CO2 in chromium slag is feasible and the absence of portlandite may be responsible for it. No chromatite or other species of Cr(VI) were identified on post-carbonated sample, one reason of which is that Cr(VI), with strong oxidation in acidic conditions, reacted with other mineral except the part in the leakage.