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Creep behavior of a building stone from the South of Italy
Published in Claudio Modena, F. da Porto, M.R. Valluzzi, Brick and Block Masonry, 2016
D. Foti, V. Vacca, S. Ivorra, V. Brotóns, R. Tomás
Extensive calcarenite deposits of fine-medium grain, corresponding to the Plio-Pleistocene period, can be found on the Murgia plate, whose major population centers are the cities of Bari and Trani. The calcarenite rock known in the Murgia area as 'Calcareous Tufa', was widely used in the construction of modest habitations and prestigious buildings (Andriani and Walsh, 2010). Its easy accessibility and carving, as well as its excellent properties as a low coefficient of thermal diffusion, are the qualities that are at the origin of large-scale use of this rock as building and ornamental material (Pieri et al., 1997). Moreover, the bedrock formed by this material serves as a seat of the foundation of the buildings in that area. Geological and mineralogical characteristics of the tectonic plate of Apulia and its constituent materials, have been described by many authors as Mazzei,
Sedimentary Petrology
Published in Supriya Sengupta, Introduction to Sedimentology, 2017
The sandbanks of the Bahamas are similar to the ancient calcarenites. This has led many researchers to presume that the ancient calcarenites were deposited either in shallow seas under the influence of strong tidal action, or as subaerial carbonate dunes. Calcarenites, in fact, can be produced in marine conditions when oolites and skeletal debris of sand size are bound together by calcareous mud. Sparry calcite may also serve as the cementing material for calcarenites (Pettijohn 1975, p. 353).
Piled foundations
Published in White David, Cassidy Mark, Offshore Geotechnical Engineering, 2017
The brittleness of cemented carbonate sediments such as calcarenite and calcisiltite, and the vulnerability to damage during cyclic shearing, leads to the potential for significant progressive failure. Under monotonic loading, failure will occur near the pile head and propagate downwards, so that the maximum pile load that may be mobilised is much less than the ideal capacity of a rigid pile. The challenge is to quantify the strain softening behaviour from appropriately devised monotonic and cyclic laboratory shear tests.
Instability analysis of jointed rock slope subject to rainfall using DEM strength reduction technique
Published in European Journal of Environmental and Civil Engineering, 2022
Mingjing Jiang, Maoyi Niu, Fuguang Zhang, Huaning Wang, Zhaowen Liao
Calcarenite is a sedimentary soft rock with high porosity, and is susceptible to the effects of water softening and chemical weathering induced by infiltrated rainfall. The inter-particle bond in calcarenite can be subdivided into depositional bond and diagenetic bond (Ciantia et al., 2013a, 2013b, 2015a) which exhibit the short-term and long-term debonding mechanisms respectively. That is, the depositional bond is an assembly of loosely packed fine calcite grains, which tends to be dissolved and falls into suspension easily in the gradually water-saturated process (Figure 1a). By comparison, the diagenetic bond with larger bond strength is precipitated during diagenesis, and it tends to be chemically weathered progressively in the saturated condition during a long period of time after the major debonding of depositional bond (Figure 1b). In addition, driven by the chemical weathering, the rock grains tend to be degraded and reduce in size as well (Figure 1c) (Buscarnera, 2012; Ciantia et al., 2015b). In summary, water softening affects the falling into suspension of depositional bond significantly, whereas chemical weathering essentially influences the dissolutions of diagenetic bond and rock grains.
Origin, geomorphology and geoheritage potential of Australia’s longest coastal cliff lines
Published in Australian Journal of Earth Sciences, 2020
G. A. Wakelin-King, J. A. Webb
Extending >750 km east to west across SA and WA (Figures 1–3), the Nullarbor Plain’s Bunda Plateau is Australia’s largest karst area, and one of the world’s largest arid karst regions (Waddell et al.,2010). It has numerous karst features and a famously low-relief and largely treeless landscape (Burnett, Webb, & White, 2013; Milner, Short, & Campbell, 2017; Webb, 2017; Webb & James, 2006). The Nullarbor Plain is underlain by sediments of the Cenozoic Eucla Basin: Eocene to Miocene bioclastic calcarenites deposited in a shallow marine setting (Benbow, Lindsay, & Alley, 1995; Hou et al., 2008; James et al., 2006; O’Connell, James, & Bone, 2012; Webb & James, 2006). The calcarenites are generally porous and permeable, with both primary porosity and karst development. Owing to post-uplift diagenesis, the surface calcarenites are better cemented and capped by relatively impermeable variably thick calcrete; however, surface permeability exists in karst features such as blowholes and dolines (Webb & James, 2006). The Bunda Plateau has small endorheic waterways draining locally fallen rainfall into karst voids, but lacks any larger integrated drainage.
High temperature effects on the properties of a high porosity calcareous stone building material
Published in European Journal of Environmental and Civil Engineering, 2022
Emilia Vasanelli, Giovanni Quarta, Maurizio Masieri, Angela Calia
The investigated rock comes from the ‘Gravina Calcarenite’ Formation in Southern Italy. It is a soft bioclastic calcarenite, beige-yellow in colour and medium-coarse grained, which typically shows high porosity values, between 30 and 40%, and low compressive strengths, between 1 and 7 MPa (Calia et al., 2015; Festa et al., 2018). Highly porous and soft calcarenites, of the same type as the stone investigated here, are widespread throughout Southern Italy as traditional building materials, but they may be found also used in many areas around the Mediterranean basin (Benavente et al., 2004; Eren & Bahali, 2005; Kourkoulis & Ganniari-Papageorgiou, 2010).