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Erodibility of Two Soft Limestone Road Bases under Tropical Rain
Published in Mark Anglin Harris, Confronting Global Climate Change, 2019
Road bed samples taken from the rainier section of the country represented a range of limestone from wackstone (SL) to boundstone (Dunham classification). For most samples, the “mud” was not clay but pure, soft limestone, because ANC determination by neutralization with hydrochloric acid (HCl) left no visible residue. In other samples (SLS), up to 25% remained as insoluble sand after soaking in water for 10 days or after ANC neutralization. The soft-grain-stone contained eroded, pitted surfaces, showing bands or patches rendered more resistant to the action of the weather by the presence of less soluble materials, which are probably siliceous (Figure 10.8).
Global geoheritage significance of Ordovician stratigraphy and sedimentology in the Cliefden Caves area, central western New South Wales
Published in Australian Journal of Earth Sciences, 2019
M. Brocx, V. Semeniuk, I. G. Percival
The sedimentary history of Upper Ordovician environments in the Cliefden Caves area is dominated by carbonate rocks. The sedimentary sequence consisted of shallow, quiet-water muddy carbonate and pelletal limestone settings (‘muddy’ here meaning lime mud and not mixed with clay-mineral mud) with diverse fauna and flora, punctuated by cross-bedded and laminated sands (overlying disconformities and representing higher-energy shallow-water transgressive conditions). The range of limestones includes lime mudstone, pelletal packstone, pelletal grainstone, skeletal wackestone, skeletal packstone, skeletal grainstone, intraclast grainstone, lithoclast grainstone, calcrete-ooid grainstone, and skeletal boundstone, and marls (limestone classification after Dunham, 1962). As such, they are dominantly shelly, pelletal and lime-mud-dominated.