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General Regulations
Published in Graham D. Lees, William G. Williamson, Handbook for Marine Radio Communication, 2020
Graham D. Lees, William G. Williamson
Co-ordinated Universal Time (UTC) is the mean solar time of the prime meridian, obtained from direct astronomical observation and corrected for the effects of small movements of the earth relative to the axis of rotation, known as ‘polar variation’. Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) may be regarded as an equivalent to UTC. Any date used in relation to radio communication shall be according to the Gregorian calendar. If, in a date, the month is not indicated either in full or in an abbreviated form, it shall be expressed in an all-numeric form with the fixed sequence of figures, two of each representing the day, month and year.
Solar and Lunar Effects on Built Environment
Published in Masanori Shukuya, Bio-Climatology for Built Environment, 2019
If we take the time at 12:00 to be defined when the Sun just passes the meridian, then the twelve positions of the Sun changes from one month to another, somewhere just on the meridian circle. The measurement of time according to this manner is the apparent solar time, with which the length of one day is different from one day to another throughout the year. But the time we use nowadays is not the apparent solar time, but the mean solar time as standard time, which is defined to elapse constantly anywhere on the Earth; this is Coordinated Universal Time (UTC), which is determined to be equal, anywhere, in each of the universal time zones all over the world. Consequently, the positions of the Sun at the noon of standard time are not necessarily on the meridian.
Implementation of Data Structures
Published in Amartya Mukherjee, Nilanjan Dey, Smart Computing with Open Source Platforms, 2019
Amartya Mukherjee, Nilanjan Dey
From Table 15.2, parameter 5 deals with second along with some leap second values to adjust the Universal Time Coordinated (UTC) time with universal time. Generally, when the time difference between UTC and universal time is greater than 0.9 s, a one second leap time will be added in that case. Parameter 8 defines the daylight saving value that adjusts the time of daylight based on the latitude of the different geographical location.
An Observational Review on influence of Intense Geomagnetic Storm on Positional Accuracy of NavIC/IRNSS System
Published in IETE Technical Review, 2020
Mehul V. Desai, Shweta N. Shah
From the calculated ionospheric delay (NavIC/IRNSS 1B to 1G satellites), it has been observed that NavIC/IRNSS 1C satellite suffered less and 1G satellite suffered more delay then remaining NavIC/IRNSS satellites at the observed geographical location. Therefore ionospheric delay of the geographical location Trivandrum, Surat, Bombay, Hyderabad and Gandhinagar are compared for NavIC/IRNSS 1C (Figure 6) 1G (Figure 7) satellites as a reference. Time scales and dates are mentioned based on Universal Time (UT) or Universal Time Coordinates (UTC).