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Ambulatory and Remote Monitoring of Parkinson’s Disease Motor Symptoms
Published in Daniel Tze Huei Lai, Rezaul Begg, Marimuthu Palaniswami, Healthcare Sensor Networks, 2016
Joseph P. Giuffrida, Edward J. Rapp
The efficacy of these treatment interventions is often judged by alleviation of patient symptoms and improved quality of life. The current clinical standard in evaluating symptoms is the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), a qualitative ranking system developed by a panel of movement disorder experts (Goetz et al. 2007). The UPDRS includes multiple subsections to monitor several areas of disease impact, including motor and non-motor experiences of daily living, a motor examination and motor complications. The motor examination section includes several movements the patient completes to elicit motor symptoms while a clinician qualitatively assesses the symptoms through visual examination and assigns a score from 0 to 4 (Table 10.1). The UPDRS examination is normally completed during an office visit in the presence of a trained clinician. In addition to the UPDRS, clinicians may ask patients to keep home journals to record symptom severities and when they took medication at various times during the day. Capturing this information is important because motor symptoms and side effects fluctuate during the day based on the timing and dose of medications.
A Comparison Study of the Effects on Road Crossing Behavior between Normal and Parkinson Disease
Published in Marcelo M. Soares, Franscisco Rebelo, Advances in Usability Evaulation, 2013
Yang-Kun Ou, Chin-Hsien Lin, Yung-Ching Liu
A total of 81 participants, including 31 PD patients and 50 control subjects without evidence of PD, were included in this study. Informed consent was taken from the study participants and the study was approved by the institutional ethics board committee. The subjects were recruited from the neurology outpatient clinics at National Taiwan University Hospital Yun-Lin branch and all patients fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for PD.[19] Each participant underwent a standard neurological and neuropsychological examination, including Mini-Mental Status Evaluation (MMSE).[20] Patients with PD also received the evaluation of Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS). The inclusion criteria for patients were idiopathic PD with mild to moderate level of disease severity (Hoehn and Yahr Stages, H&Y stage I-III). [21] Exclusion criteria were history of brain surgery, other neurologic or psychiatric disorders, score of MMSE less than 24 as well as impairments of visual acuity or hearing ability.
Parkinson's Disease Pre-Diagnosis Using Smart Technologies
Published in Chinmay Chakraborty, Digital Health Transformation with Blockchain and Artificial Intelligence, 2022
Mohammad Yasser Chuttur, Azina Nazurally
To better determine the progression and the stage in which a patient is regarding the disease, researchers use a rating scale specifically developed for the purpose [13]. The ‘Hoehn and Yahr Scale’, for instance, was introduced in 1967 to rate motor symptoms severity on a scale of 1 to 5 [14]. The scale was subsequently used as a benchmark for developing the ‘Unified Parkinson’s disease Rating Scale’ (UPDRS), which is often used nowadays in the medical diagnosis of PD. UPDRS also includes a scale rating for non-motor symptoms [13]. Over the years, the UPDRS has been further improved and updated to include scale ratings for additional symptoms not considered in previous scales [15].
Empirical Bayes Transfer Learning for Uncertainty Characterization in Predicting Parkinson’s Disease Severity
Published in IISE Transactions on Healthcare Systems Engineering, 2018
We present an application of modeling the predictive relationship between Parkinson’s disease (PD) and speech properties from noninvasive speech tests. We download data from Center for Machine Learning and Intelligent Systems at the University of California, Irvine (http://archive.ics.uci.edu/ml/datasets/Parkinsons%2BTelemonitoring) (Tsanas et al. 2010a). There are 42 people with PD diagnosed within the past five years at trial onset, each considered as one domain. Speech signals for those 42 subjects are collected at their home by using a telemonitoring system. The number of signals for each patient varies from 100 to 200 and total number of signal records is 5875. The classical speech signal processing techniques, i.e., dysphonia measures, are applied to all signals for extracting features. All Jitter and shimmer termed features are used to describe the cycle-to-cycle voice variability and amplitude. The harmonics-to-noise ratio and noise-to-harmonics ratio denote the signal-to-noise estimates. The recurrence period density entropy (RPDE) measures the extent of the vocal folds to support simple vibration. The detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) characterizes turbulent noise in the signal. The pitch period entropy (PPE) addresses the impaired control of stable pitch (Tsanas et al. 2010a). In total, there are 16 dysphonia measures to 5875 sustained phonations for 42 subjects. The typical unified Parkinson’s disease rating scale (UPDRS) is used to reflect the severity of disease symptoms, which is the response variable spanning from 0 to 176.