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Failure to Consider All Costs of the Operation
Published in Gerald J. Watson, Jesse J. Derouin, Critical Thinking, 2020
Gerald J. Watson, Jesse J. Derouin
Another mistake that I witnessed involved a PA concerning the item on the bottom of an office swivel chair, a caster. There are five casters per chair. At one time, there were four but these chairs easily tipped over and could no longer be produced. Changes to the materials and/or processes by which a chair was processed must be approved by all involved including marketing, purchasing, engineering, quality, and all levels of management. The process by which these changes occur is the Engineering Change Order (ECO) system; in most companies with multiple plants, this system is electronic. I received an ECO to change from the current vendor to the one in a different country. The cost difference was $0.01 per caster. The caster was priced FOB manufacturing plant, which meant that the company for which I worked was responsible for paying the freight from this foreign country to the facility I worked. This compared unfavorably with the terms of the current vendor which was FOB in this facility.
Material Handling Systems
Published in Susmita Bandyopadhyay, Production and Operations Analysis, 2019
Casters and wheels are other types of material handling devices. Caster is a device with wheel to reach at the desired destination. Casters are generally used for pickup and drop off tasks. The wheel bearings of the caster can be of various types such as roller bearing, precision tapered bearing, precision sealed ball bearing, annular ball bearing, delrin bearing, bronze bearing, plain and sleeve bearing, spanned integrated precision sealed ball bearing, and Torrington-style roller bearing. Casters (Figure 14.7) can be swivel caster that is flexible enough to swivel or rotate in 360° direction or rigid or stationary caster with wheel mounted on a stationary fork. There are various types of swivel casters—locking caster, kingpin-less caster, hollow kingpin caster, plate caster, stem caster.
Offshore Drilling
Published in Sukumar Laik, Offshore Petroleum Drilling and Production, 2018
Other items of equipment necessary for proper handling of the drill string and other equipment are hooks, links swivel, and elevators (Figure 4.6). The hook provides a connection between the traveling block and the swivel. The swivel is a device that permits the drill pipe to rotate without causing rotation of the traveling block and lines. Links and elevators are lifting tools used in removing or inserting the drill pipe and casing in the hole. The links or bails fit onto the lugs of the hook and elevators. Once in position the flaps are closed and locked using a bolt. There are many types of elevators which can be categorised as:
The effects of chair intervention on lower back pain, discomfort and trunk muscle activation in office workers: a systematic review
Published in International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 2022
Sirinant Channak, Thaniya Klinsophon, Prawit Janwantanakul
Office chairs vary in design, material and function. To our knowledge, no study has classified the type of office chair. In this review, office chairs were classified as: a standard office chair (SOC); a modified SOC; and a dynamic office chair (DOC). A SOC is a chair that typically has a fixed or adjustable seat, armrests, back support or height adjustment. It is usually a swivel chair, with a set of caster wheels for mobility. The SOC is generally designed to be used in an office. A modified SOC is a SOC with several modified components of chair, such as the seat pan or backrest. Typically, specific accessories are added to the SOC to maintain a neutral sitting position, or to prevent pain/discomfort while sitting. A DOC is a chair whose seat pan and/or backrest is moveable, either in a fixed ratio or independently. The movement of the seat pan and/or backrest is facilitated by the mechanism of the dynamic chair or is provided by the sitter. An example of the DOC is a therapeutic ball.
Evaluation of users' experience and posture in a rotated swivel seating configuration
Published in Traffic Injury Prevention, 2020
Katarina Bohman, Ronja Örtlund, Gustav Kumlin Groth, Pernilla Nurbo, Lotta Jakobsson
A static user study was conducted using a Ford Transit with two front seats from a Volvo car. The seats were placed facing rearward, such that the test participants faced out through the rear windows (Appendix, Figure A1 (see online supplement)). The seat backs were adjusted to 25°. The seats were mounted on a swivel plate which allowed inboard rotation of 10° and 20°. The lateral distance between the seats was similar to front seats in a large passenger car, with no center console and allowing 20° inboard rotation without seat interaction. The height from heel to seating pan was 410 mm, which was slightly higher than typically in a SUV. An Ipad (9.8”) was mounted on a console in front of the seats, simulating a center stack position. The participants used a three point seat belt. The retractor was attached behind the seats and the shoulder belt was guided over the shoulder by a guide, positioned on the seat back, simulating a belt-in-seat.
Dynamic model for using casterboard by a humanoid robot
Published in Advanced Robotics, 2020
In this study, we derive a dynamic model for riding a casterboard, which covers the area represented by the shaded region in Figure 2. To evaluate the derived model, we prepare a simplified humanoid robot in advance, which extracts the essential features required to ride the casterboard such as the ankle, the waist, and the inertial effect of the torso swing. Given that the design of an appropriate posture controller is beyond the scope of the present study, instead, we prepare a modified casterboard to address the risk of falling in the actual setup. The modified casterboard is equipped with three casters; two rigid casters are attached to the front footplate and one swivel caster to the rear footplate. These modifications are done only for the experimental evaluation of the derived model, and allow us to evaluate the modeling performance separately from the feedback control performance.