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Combustion NOx Control
Published in David A. Lewandowski, Design of Thermal Oxidation Systems for Volatile Organic Compounds, 2017
If a substantial percentage of the heat released in the thermal oxidation system is released through the burner, then a low NOx burner can be used to reduce NOx emissions. There are several varieties of low NOx burners which reduce NOx through (1) recirculation of relatively cold combustion products back into the flame envelope; (2) operation at high excess air rates to reduce peak flame temperatures; (3) staged combustion air injection; and (4) staged auxiliary fuel injection.
Effects of CO2 Dilution and O2 Enrichment on Non-premixed Turbulent CH4-Air Flames in a Swirl Burner
Published in Combustion Science and Technology, 2018
H. Zaidaoui, T. Boushaki, J. C. Sautet, C. Chauveau, B. Sarh, I. Gökalp
The swirling flames studied in this work are mainly used in low-NOx burners, which are designed for boilers and industrial furnaces to reduce NOx emissions (Boushaki et al., 2009; European Commission, 2017) and enhance flame stability (Jourdaine et al., 2017). The essential requirement of swirler design is to enhance the mixing of the fuel and oxidizer and hence improve flame stability. The major controlling parameter of flame stabilization is the central recirculation zone (CRZ; Kim et al., 2013); its size and position vary with swirl intensity (Merlo et al., 2014). The choice of CH4 as fuel in this work is based on the fact that natural gas (composed essentially of CH4) is the most common fuel used today to operate gas turbines because of its lower pollutant emissions, compared to other types of fuels (Lashof and Ahuja, 1990; Abdul-Wahab et al., 2015). Jaramillo, Griffin and Matthews (2007) reported that natural gas emits 40% less CO2 than coal combustion and 15% less than crude oil, for equivalent power output.