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Diagnostics for Monitoring Maintenance and Quality Manufacturing
Published in Cornelius Leondes, Computer-Aided Design, Engineering, and Manufacturing, 2019
Rinaldo C. Michelini, Francesco Crenna, G.B. Rossi
Industrial dimensional metrology and geometric testing have traditionally used a series of calipers or other gages, previously prepared for the inspection of the parts, the sub-assemblies, and the individual artifacts to verify their agreement with tolerances. These implements are produced with reference to master pieces, manufactured to provide the “standards"; both calipers and masters need to be checked periodically for the persistency of their metrological fitness. The situation becomes critical with large and rapidly varying product mixes. Each component to be inspected requires related masters and gages, before even starting production plans, making unlikely any quick-response programme. The trend toward efficiency (Fig. 5.20) profits from information technology, once again with precision mechanics, to propose the flexible gaging units or cells, unique measuring equipment for families of varying pieces.
Dimensional Metrology
Published in Richard Leach, Stuart T. Smith, Basics of Precision Engineering, 2017
Massimiliano Ferrucci, Han Haitjema, Richard Leach
Dimensional metrology is the study of geometrical measurements, for example length, area, volume, flatness and roundness. Some examples of dimensional measurements made in the precision industry include the dimensions of an automotive component that are critical to later assembly and function, for example fuel injectors; or the size of a wafer support in a photolithography scanner. Confidence in the dimensions of these products is critical for their operation and, derived from this, for commerce, as it establishes an agreement between the vendor and the customer on the quantity being traded. In the absence of such confidence, the customer would have the arduous task of verifying the performance of a product before purchase—a time-consuming, expensive and unacceptable responsibility for the customer.
Experience-Based Product Inspection Planning for Industry 4.0
Published in Cybernetics and Systems, 2021
Muhammad Bilal Ahmed, Farhat Majeed, Cesar Sanin, Edward Szczerbicki
Dimensional metrology is a science that involves the geometrical measurement of product features including length, area, volume, flatness, circularity, true position, perpendicularity, flatness, symmetry, straightness, concentricity, cylindricity, and parallelism among others (Leach and Smith 2018; Ferrucci, Haitjema, and Leach 2018). It is synonymous with dimensional measurement and inspection in the literature. Dimensional metrology is essential for the correct manufacture of parts, and is based on complex 3D-geometric entries and the relationships between those entries. These geometric entries are associated with a large and diverse knowledge base that includes interconnections between measurement processes, measurement equipment, measurement management systems, traceability of equipment, and statistics (Zhao et al. 2011).