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Applications of Composites in Artefact and Furniture Making
Published in G. Mohamed Zakriya, G. Ramakrishnan, Natural Fibre Composites, 2020
G. Mohamed Zakriya, G. Ramakrishnan
Natural fibre–reinforced composite material can replace wood and timber in making furniture, but this involves the innovative redesign of the components. Innovation is an essential pillar in redesigning the product to meet a wide choice of user requirements related to cost, shape, visual appearance, and quality.31 To remain competitive in this market, manufacturers need to develop innovative solutions to meet the needs of customer or consumer.32,33 Since 1948, thermoset and thermoplastic synthetic polymers with natural fibres have been used in the furniture industry. Hemp and flax fibre–reinforced composites have also been exhibited at furniture fairs.34,35 However, green composites have not been commercially successful and awareness of this product is nonexistent in the market. The design specifications of a piece of furniture should conform to legislative requirements and it should meet accepted testing standards such as ISO/ASTM/BIS. Economic requirements such as manufacturing cost, assembly cost, and finally storage and transportation cost need to be considered, and a safety standard established for the enhanced reliability of the product.36
Design for Machining
Published in Helmi Youssef, Hassan El-Hofy, Non-Traditional and Advanced Machining Technologies, 2020
Table 8.1 shows the approximate relative cost for achieving certain tolerances and surface finishes. Accordingly, it is recommended to consider the following: Use the most machinable materials available.Avoid secondary operations such as deburring, inspection, plating, painting, and heat treatment.Design should be suitable for the production method that is economical for the quantity required.Use special process capabilities to eliminate many operations and the need for separate costly components.Avoid process restrictiveness and allowing manufacturing engineers to choose a process that produces the required dimensions, surface finish, and other characteristics.
Comprehensive Environmental Assessment and Other Life Cycle-Based Approaches for Assessing Nanotechnology
Published in Jo Anne Shatkin, Nanotechnology, 2017
An example of the RA-LCA-MCDA approach cited by Linkov and Seager (2011) is an assessment focused on synthesis pathways for production of single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) reported by Canis, Linkov, and Seager (2010). Linkov and Seager (2011) noted that the assessment showed that the preferred choice of manufacturing process depends upon the values placed on the criteria chosen for impact evaluation, e.g., material efficiency, energy consumption, life cycle impacts, production costs, and nano-related health risks. As one might expect, different individuals might weigh various criteria differently, e.g., manufacturers might weigh efficiency aspects highly, whereas environmentalists might place greater emphasis on health risks or protection of natural resources.
Quantifying and exhibiting the congruence of process choice criteria with traditional and additive manufacturing systems
Published in Production Planning & Control, 2023
Vishwas Dohale, Milind Akarte, Angappa Gunasekaran, Priyanka Verma
As discussed in Section 1, this study aims to evaluate the congruence between process choice criteria and manufacturing systems. The following research objectives (ROs) are considered to achieve the aim: RO 1. Identifying the relevant criteria considered for deciding a manufacturing system (process choice criteria)RO 2. Developing a framework to quantify the congruence between process choice criteria and the different manufacturing systems Delphi method is utilised to fulfil RO 1 and is explained in Section 3.1. In the second phase, a novel multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) based voting analytical hierarchy process (VAHP) technique is adopted to address the RO2. The application of VAHP in this study is explained in Sections 3.2 and 3.3. The overall research approach followed for this study is illustrated in Figure 1.
A Comprehensive Approach to Dynamic Project Risk Management
Published in Engineering Management Journal, 2018
Engineering efforts associated with the design and development of complex systems have been termed Complex Product Systems (CoPS) projects. CoPS are multifunctional and require the integration of multidisciplinary knowledge inputs. Successful CoPS projects require a high level of core competencies in systems engineering and in risk management (Hobday, 1998). A Risk Management Capability Maturity Model (RM-CMM) has been proposed for CoPS. The number and complexity of task and human relations in these projects is a major risk source that can contribute to project failure. The RM-CMM has five levels of maturity (ad hoc, initial, defined, managed, and optimizing) and three capability area categories (organization, process, and technology). The RM-CMM addresses the risk planning and control processes, the organizational context, and the technology content of a CoPS project. Improvement of the risk management capabilities requires that organizations simultaneously build capabilities in internal and external contexts, risk management process, and technologies (Yeo & Ren, 2009). Identifying risks is just the first step; next, they have to be evaluated, in order to choose the appropriate remedial actions.
Integrating performance and risk aspects of supply chain design processes
Published in Production Planning & Control, 2018
Process choice involves selecting a manufacturing process that supports a firm’s competitive priorities (Olhager & Rudberg, 2002). Process choice involves decisions regarding choice of plant and equipment, elements of production planning and control, product design and engineering, staffing and management. The process choice concerns manufacturing strategy and decisions related to issues such as volume required, variety of the production task, the need for flexibility and the level of technical complexity involved, such as the degree of customisation. Should basic production and distribution best be via batch, line flow or job shopping: and within these, many secondary parameters exist, such as batch size.