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Applying the Principles of Universal Design to Medical Devices
Published in Jack M. Winters, Molly Follette Story, Medical Instrumentation, 2006
A number of terms have been used to describe the concept of accessibility and usability for the broadest spectrum of potential users. (Some of these terms are included in the glossary at the back of this book.) Two other terms popular in the U.S. are transgenerational design and inclusive design. The term transgenerational design was coined by James J. Pirkl in the late 1980s [2,3] to emphasize the multiage applicability of the design approach. The term inclusive design originated in England [4]. The Web site of Inclusive Design, developed by a consortium headed by the Royal Society for the encouragement of Arts (RSA) says the approach “… aims to include the needs of people who are currently excluded or marginalised (sic) by mainstream design practices and links directly to the concept of an inclusive society” [5]. The term has been adopted by some groups in the U.S. as well (e.g., Center for Inclusive Design and Environmental Access at the State University of New York at Buffalo).
Do older workers suffer more workplace injuries? A systematic review
Published in International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 2022
Gonzalo Bravo, Carlos Viviani, Martin Lavallière, Pedro Arezes, Marta Martínez, Iman Dianat, Sara Bragança, Héctor Castellucci
The presence of older workers implies different requirements for each sector and input from all of the actors involved. In a clear example from the transport sector, Newman et al. [113] analyzed how to keep older drivers healthily and safely in the workforce for as long as possible. In their case, they found that companies that effectively managed older drivers were using a holistic approach, including the provision of portable steps/stairs and straps for drivers to use during loading and unloading, allowing older drivers more time to complete jobs, tailoring technology training and establishing wellness programs and coaching. Transgenerational design, also known as age-differentiated work design, is designing for all generations. It is the best way to address workplace ergonomics, i.e., interventions that are all inclusive – better design means better design for everyone, not just for older workers [93,95]. Work conditions vary greatly, even within the same industry: to prevent occupational injuries in real and specific working environments, a proven effective approach is that of pragmatic benchmarking, which establishes and disseminates evidence-based, feasible good practices [114]. The implementation of benchmarking, when taken with multidisciplinary approaches directed toward the pursuit of accountable best practices and using in-house resources, although limited in small and medium-sized enterprises, was shown to be sufficient in the foundry industry [114], and therefore could be performed in other industries.