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Chassis Systems
Published in Dorin O. Neacşu, Automotive Power Systems, 2020
A conventional steering system uses a constant steering ratio, usually allowing a conversion within the range of –479° to 479° (for example, a 2020 Volkswagen vehicle, or similar Mercedes Benz, Audi, Ford, and so on). In most passenger cars, the constant steering ratio is between 12:1 and 20:1. For example, a complete turn of the steering wheel with 480 degrees causes the wheels to turn 30 degrees; that is a ratio of 480:30 = 16. The new technology proposes a progressive steering ratio which is able to compress the range from –378° to 378°. Furthermore, this interval is achieved with a progressive ratio, which conserves somewhat small turns and compresses wide turns. The advantage is obvious when maneuvering the vehicle for parking with lots of turns in small spaces and at low speed. Another advantage may be noticed only on a sporty driving on twisting roads, when the vehicle dynamics yields improved since it benefits from the effect of a nonlinear controller/actuator (not unlike the theory of asymmetrical membership functions for fuzzy control systems).
Suspension System
Published in Georg Rill, Abel Arrieta Castro, Road Vehicle Dynamics, 2020
Georg Rill, Abel Arrieta Castro
On solid axles the toe bar steering system is used, Figure 5.9. The rotations of the steering wheel δS are transformed by the steering box to the rotation of the steering lever arm δL = δL(δS) and further on to the rotation of the left wheel, δ1 = δ1(δL). The toe bar transmits the rotation of the left wheel to the right wheel, δ2 = δ2(δ1). The steering ratio is defined by the ratio of the steering box and the kinematics of the steering link. Here, the ratio δ2 = δ2(δ1) given by the kinematics of the toe bar can be changed separately.
How do driving modes affect the vehicle’s dynamic behaviour? Comparing Renault’s Multi-Sense sport and comfort modes during on-road naturalistic driving
Published in Vehicle System Dynamics, 2021
Timo Melman, Joost de Winter, Xavier Mouton, Adriana Tapus, David Abbink
The characteristics of the steering system are known to influence the subjective steering feel and comfort [17–19] as well as lane-keeping performance [20,21]. An important parameter is the steering ratio, which is the ratio between the driver’s steering wheel angle and the front wheel angle. In most conventional cars, the steering ratio and turning radius are mechanically linked and invariant [22]. Invariant steering systems allow drivers to develop a reliable mental model [23]. However, invariant systems cannot accommodate differences in desired steering responsiveness for different driving situations. For example, at high speed (e.g., highway driving), a low-gain steering system may be preferred as the driver requires small steering angles and high accuracy. At low speed, accuracy and stability are less critical, and a high-gain steering system may be preferred to accommodate a parking manoeuvre [4].