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Application Layer Forward Error Correction for Mobile Multimedia Broadcasting
Published in Borko Furht, Syed Ahson, Handbook of Mobile Broadcasting, 2008
Thomas Stockhammer, Amin Shokrollahi, Mark Watson, Michael Luby, Tiago Gasiba
With the use of Raptor codes, higher loss rates can be compensated by the transmission of additional repair symbols, ensuring that all transmitted data that is useful for recovery of the original source data. In this case a good measure for the overall network performance is the so-called goodput, defined as the supported bit rate multiplied by 1 minus the packet loss rate of the user measured over some window of time. A goodput measurement represents the average received amount of data over a window of time, and a sequence of goodput measurements can be continually varying depending on the changing average loss rate within different windows of time. Variations of goodput measurements depend not only on the transmitter configuration and user mobility, but also on the observation window for measuring the goodput: in general, the smaller the observation window for measuring the goodput the higher the variance of the measured good-puts. Some selected measurements of goodput distributions for different MBMS bearer settings are provided in Section 10.5.
Overview of the challenges and solutions for 5G channel coding schemes
Published in Journal of Information and Telecommunication, 2021
Madhavsingh Indoonundon, Tulsi Pawan Fowdur
Among all fountain codes, Raptor codes are the ones having the least encoding and decoding complexity. Raptor codes were invented by Shokrollahi (2006) and have been used in standards such as the 3GPP Multimedia Broadcast/Multicast Service (MBMS) standard for broadcast transmission including streaming services (Gao et al., 2013), the DVB-IPTV for offering TV services over IP (IETF, 2018) and the DVB-H IP Datacasting for offering IP services over DVB (Mladenov et al., 2011). The most powerful variant of Raptor codes is called RaptorQ codes (Luby et al., 2011). They support larger block sizes and have better coding efficiency than traditional Raptor codes.