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Will Systems Biology Transform Clinical Decision Support?
Published in Paul Cerrato, John Halamka, Reinventing Clinical Decision Support, 2020
The Institute for Systems Biology, for instance, conducted a study—the P100 Wellness Project—that enrolled over 100 individuals for 9 months and monitored their health with Fitbit devices, genome sequencing, clinical tests, and analysis of their metabolomes, proteomes, and microbiomes.24 Their detailed analysis uncovered important patterns, relationships, and biomarkers that may be of value in tracking health and disease. Gamma-glutamyltyrosine, a metabolite of the enzyme gamma-glutamyl transferase, was interconnected with clinical analytes associated with cardiometabolic disease. Although the enzyme is a known marker for liver disease, diabetes, and cardiovascular risk, the metabolite is more predictive than the enzyme and may be useful as an independent marker, if these results can be confirmed by larger studies. Their data collection also allowed investigators to develop polygenic scores, based on GWAS, for 127 traits and diseases. Among the many findings, “genetic risk for inflammatory bowel disease was negatively correlated with plasma cystine.”24
Association between the ACE I/D polymorphism and muscle injuries in Italian and Japanese elite football players
Published in Journal of Sports Sciences, 2020
Myosotis Massidda, Eri Miyamoto-Mikami, Hiroshi Kumagai, Hayato Ikeda, Yu Shimasaki, Masafumi Yoshimura, Paolo Cugia, Francesco Piras, Marco Scorcu, Naoki Kikuchi, Carla Maria Calò, Noriyuki Fuku
This study showed that, among a large population of football players, the ACE I/D polymorphism influences the susceptibility to develop muscle injuries. Interestingly, the direction of the association was not related to the ethnicity, as has been found in studies on ACE and physical performance, but rather was independent from it. These results suggest that football players with the D allele could be more protected against the risk of developing muscle injuries caused by football practice, and this should be considered when planning the training workout or when developing injury rehabilitation and injury prevention strategies. Therefore, in this context, we would highlight the importance of including an analysis of the ACE gene in future research aimed to build a polygenic score for the predisposition to muscle injuries.