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Tectonics and Sedimentation
Published in Supriya Sengupta, Introduction to Sedimentology, 2017
Seismically active subduction zones mark the converging plate margins. On the landward side of these subduction zones, which dip towards the continents, lie volcanic island arcs. On the seaward side occur deep-sea trenches. Orogenic belts are produced out of collision of the lithospheric plates. Intrusion of the subducted material into the lower crust causes doming of the igneous and metamorphic terranes at the zone of convergence, into what are called ‘arc massifs’. These elevated areas at the basin margins serve as the source of sediments while the sediments themselves are deposited in one of the following five areas: within the ocean, on the down-going oceanic plate, within the deep-sea trench, in small basins on the slope of the inner wall of the trench, seaward of the volcanic arc (outer-arc or forearc basin), and behind the volcanic arc (back-arc basins).
Metallogeny of gold in the Tien Shan and Urals Paleozoic orogenic belts: a GIS-based approach
Published in Adam Piestrzyński, Mineral Deposits at the Beginning of the 21st Century, 2001
V.V. Shatov, A. Cole, R. Seltmann, A.S. Yakubchuk
The Tien Shan and Urals Paleozoic orogenic belts represent a unique metallogenic province that is renowned throughout the world for gold deposits, especially of hydrothermal origin (Berezovskoe, Kochkar, Bereznyakovskoe, Svetlinskoe, Aidarly, Kumak, Yubileinoe, Muruntau, Kokpatas, Daugyz-tau, Amantaitau, Zarmitan, Jilau, Kochbulak, Aprelevka, Makmal, Chaarat, Jerooy, Taldybulak Levoberezhny, Kumtor, etc., Table 1, Fig. 1). In addition, the ores of massive sulfide, skarn, and porphyry copper deposits of this area contain gold in economic values. To date, more than 500 gold deposits of various types, which are hosted in diverse rocks and characterized by different tectonic settings, are known to occur in the Tien Shan and Urals belts (Ovchinnikov 1998; Lehmann et al. 1999; Konstantinov et al. 2000).
Diastrophism
Published in Richard J. Chorley, Stanley A. Schumm, David E. Sugden, Geomorphology, 2019
Richard J. Chorley, Stanley A. Schumm, David E. Sugden
Orogenic belts are associated with subduction zones along island arcs or where the lithospheric ‘conveyor-belt’ has carried the leading-edge of a continent to an equilibrium position where it is being consumed along a convergence zone of subduction. The strongest compressive pulses producing orogenic buckling of the crust are probably associated with times of maximum rates of spreading. The maximum compression tends to arch up the crust such that major orogenies are often locally associated with epeirogenic movements leading to marine regressions. This is why for a time of increased rate of crustal spreading to be correlated with a eustatic rise of sea level, it must be accompanied by a net worldwide orogenic quiescence.
Soil liquefaction potential in Kahramanmaras, Turkey
Published in Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk, 2019
A.F. Cabalar, A. Canbolat, N. Akbulut, S.H. Tercan, H. Isik
Turkey is located on the Mediterranean segment of the Alpide belt or Alpine-Himalayan orogenic belt. The Alpine orogeny is being formed by the collision of Africa and India with Eurasia in the north. Meanwhile, the collision between India and Asia causes the Himalayan orogeny. Alpine-Himalayan orogenic belt has a nonhomogeneous seismicity, which is mainly concentrated along the plate edges. The tectonics of the Mediterranean region influences the Eurasian, Arabian and African plates (McKenzie 1970). However, eastern Mediterranean is more complex. The study area receives an increased seismic activity, and the reason for that might be due to the small fast-moving plates(Chorowicz et al. (2005); McKenzie 1972; Alptekin 1973; Dewey and Şengör 1979; Erdik et al. 1985; Westaway 2003; Cabalar 2006, 2008).
Petrogenesis and tectonic setting of granitic plutons in the Guaizihu region, North Alxa Block, China: constraints from whole-rock geochemistry, zircon U–Pb ages and Hf isotope compositions
Published in Australian Journal of Earth Sciences, 2021
F. Q. Xie, Y. H. Sun, L. D. Wang, J. Y. Cao, W. Z. Xiao, J. H. Wu
The Central Asia Orogenic Belt (CAOB; also known as the ‘Central Asian mobile belt,’ ‘Central Asian Fold belt,’ or ‘Altaids’) is situated in the suture zone of the Siberian, Tarim and North China cratons. The CAOB is one of the largest orogenic belts and has been the focus of studies on continental crust growth (Jahn et al., 2000; Khain et al., 2003; Kovalenko et al., 2004; Kröner et al., 2007; Şengör et al., 1993; Windley et al., 2007; Figure 1a).