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Instrumentation and Controls
Published in Siddhartha Mukherjee, Process Engineering and Plant Design, 2021
Group Displays: In group displays, the operating parameters of a group of control loops such as four, eight or twelve loops are shown arranged in rows. Each control loop is represented by a rectangle with bars showing the process variable, the set point and the output signal [15]. Figure 11.21 illustrates a typical four-loop group display.
Preparing for the Mix: Editing Production Sound
Published in Hilary Wyatt, Tim Amyes, Audio Post Production for Television and Film, 2013
Where principal actors are delivering dialogue in crowd scenes, the extras will be mouthing rather than actually speaking, so that the main dialogue is recorded ‘clean’. Although the recordist may go on to shoot a crowd wildtrack to cover the scene, and the fx editor may lay some general crowd atmos, other recordings will probably be required to create crowd backgrounds that are specific to the scene. These are recorded in a post sync session by a group of specialist crowd artists (often known as a loop group). How much crowd is necessary depends on the nature of the production, as well as the production budget. A period film with a number of battle scenes will need a very large loop group over a period of days; a contemporary drama for TV might require six actors for half a day just to cover pub interiors, police stations, etc. Good crowd works almost as a sound effect and should not distract from the main dialogues or compromise intelligibility. Crowd sessions can be used to cover a number of dialogue ‘effects’, such as: Murmur tracks – tracks of non-verbal murmur which are very useful to indicate the presence of large numbers of people in a big space (e.g. a church congregation, a crowd at a football match).Buzz tracks – tracks of general crowd atmos which can be used as a ‘bed’ throughout a scene (e.g. party chat).Reaction tracks – where a crowd is visibly reacting to onscreen action (e.g. audience cheers, crowds at a horserace, onlookers at the scene of an accident).Foreground vocals for specific extras – in small groups or singly, these should be recorded separately to the buzz track so that the eq/panning and level settings can be controlled independently for each group (e.g. two men talking, walk screen left to right).Speech which can be treated as a sound effect, such as telephone operators, train announcements, speaking clocks, emergency services, r/t chat, etc.Non-verbal dialogue, such as grunts of effort/breaths/sighs, which are missing from the principal actor’s performance and which cannot be covered by the actual actor. (This is useful in a situation where the principal actor is only available for a short ADR session.)Revoicing minor characters.Voicing non-speaking extras who may be expected to interact with principals, such as waiters, servants, etc.
Closed-loop insulin delivery: update on the state of the field and emerging technologies
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2022
Several longer-term randomized controlled trials show the CamAPS FX algorithm to be safe and effective across a wide range of populations. Two studies have evaluated the system in those with suboptimal glycemic control, one 12-week study in 86 children, adolescents and adults (6 years+; baseline HbA1c >58 mmol/mol) comparing closed-loop to sensor-augmented pump therapy and one 6-month study in 133 children and adolescents aged 6–18 years (baseline HbA1c >53 mmol/mol) comparing closed-loop to standard pump therapy [33,78]. In both studies, outcomes favored closed-loop across all glycemic metrics with an increase in time in range of 11 percentage points in the 12-week study, and 15 percentage points in the 6-month study for those participants using CamAPS FX with the Dana pump and Dexcom G6 hardware. There was one DKA event in the 12-week study in the closed-loop group secondary to infusion set failure, and no severe hypoglycemia events. In the 6-month study there were a higher number of severe hypoglycemia events (4 in closed-loop, 3 in control). There were two DKA events in the closed-loop group, Auto mode was not activated at the time of the events.
Closed-loop control in insulin pumps for type-1 diabetes mellitus: safety and efficacy
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2020
Time in range was higher in the closed-loop group with a mean difference of 9 percentage points (95% CI 6 to 12; p < 0.0001) (Table 2). Although mean HbA1c reduced in the closed-loop group this was not statistically significant. Time below range was significantly lower in the closed-loop group with a mean difference of 2.4 percentage points (95% CI 1.7 to 3.0; p < 0.0001). It is important to note that participants were remotely monitored throughout the trial with automated text messages being sent to health-care professionals when certain alarm thresholds were reached. While Benhamou et al. shows that intervention from remote monitors decreased steadily during each 12-week treatment period, this limits the generalizability of both efficacy and safety findings in terms of usage of the algorithm in an unmonitored setting.
Multi-copy dynamic cloud data auditing model based on IMB tree
Published in Enterprise Information Systems, 2021
Yifan Zhang, Guoyuan Lin, Hao Gu, Fu Zhuang, Guoying Wei
The multiplication cycle group G can be described by a binary group , where is the generator of G and is the number of elements in G. Any element in G is the power of , ie . The cyclic group hash function is a hash function that can map data into the multiplicative loop group G, ie .