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Fluorescent Quantum Dots for Biomedical Applications
Published in Vladimir Torchilin, Mansoor M Amiji, Handbook of Materials for Nanomedicine, 2011
Kelly Kenniff, Keith Payton, Swadeshmukul Santra
Immunolabeling is a technique that is widely used in cell biology for identification of cellular structure and localization of signal transduction molecules in cells and tissues, both in live and fixed biological specimens. This technique relies upon the use of robust fluorescent probes and their appropriate delivery mechanism. Qdots are ideal due to their robust optical properties. However, delivering Qdots into cells and tissue specimens is not straightforward. Immunolabeling of fixed cells (dead cells with chemically cross linked cellular components to maintain cellular integrity) using Qdots is comparatively easy as Qdots are delivered into cells by chemically creating pores. One can harshly treat such fixed cell/samples to promote the delivery of Qdots. In 1998, Bruchez and colleagues have reported the very first experimental data demonstrating the robustness of Qdot probes in labeling F-actin filaments in fixed cells.9
Gold nanorods conjugated upconversion nanoparticles nanocomposites for simultaneous bioimaging, local temperature sensing and photothermal therapy of OML-1 oral cancer cells
Published in International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials, 2021
Duc Tu Vu, Thanh Thu Vu-Le, Van Nghia Nguyen, Quoc Minh Le, Churng-Ren Chris Wang, Lai-Kwan Chau, Tzyy-Schiuan Yang, Michael W. Y. Chan, Cheng-I Lee, Chu-Chi Ting, Jiunn-Yuan Lin, Hung-Chih Kan, Chia Chen Hsu
The determination of ErbB2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2 (ERBB2) or human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (Her2) overexpression, a member of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor family [38,59], in the cancer classification is an effective procedure. Anti-Her2 monoclonal antibody, the antibody directed to the extracellular domain of Her2 is used for the replacement or combinatorial therapy of Her2-overexpressing cancer cell. In addition, streptavidin (SA) has been widely employed in immunofluorescence labeling to improve in vitro targeting to tumor or cancer cell in the biotin-streptavidin labeling system. To evaluate the immunolabeling of the SA-conjugated nanocomposite probes, we incubated the probes (NR980@Silica-UCNPs@SA with 20 nm thick of silica layer) together with biotinylated goat anti-rabbit IgG and anti-Her2 antibody to OML-1 oral cancer cells. Figure 5(a) shows an overlay of the bright and dark field microscopy images (see Figure S9) of OML-1 cells after being incubated with the aforementioned materials. The bright UCL microscopy image of OML-1 cells confirms that the nanocomposite probes (NR980@Silica-UCNPs@SA) were effectively bounded onto the membrane of OML-1 oral cancer cells through the conjugation with biotinylated goat anti-rabbit IgG and anti-Her2 antibody. The green luminescence is the UCL emitted from the NaYF4:Yb3+,Er3+ UCNPs of the nanocomposite probes. The shape and position of the cells in bright field are overlapped well with dark field, showing the good specific interactions between the nanocomposite probes and the cells (see Figure S9(a,b)). In contrast, when the SA-conjugated nanocomposite probes were incubated alone (not incubated with anti-Her2 and biotinylated goat anti-rabbit IgG antibodies) with OML-1 cell or incubated with antibody (both anti-Her2 antibody and biotinylated goat anti-rabbit IgG) in immortalized ovarian surface epithelial (IOSE) cells [60] as shown in Figure 5(b) and (c), respectively, only week green luminescence was observed on the cell surface. Furthermore, as indicated in Figure S10, no UCL signal was observed from the OML-1 cells incubated with NR980@Silica as well as the control cells (not incubated with the hybrid nanocomposites), because of the absence of UCNPs in both cases. These results prove that the hybrid nanocomposite probes with antibodies can bind with OML-1 cells. After examining superior UCL imaging, LT sensing and photothermal properties offered by the hybrid nanocomposite probes, it is worth to investigate the performance of the hybrid nanocomposites in PTT test.