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Molecular Approaches for Removal of Toxic Metal by Genetically Modified Microbes
Published in Maulin P. Shah, Wastewater Treatment, 2022
Joorie Bhattacharya, Rahul Nitnavare, Sougata Ghosh
In case of chromium resistance, genetic engineering has been utilized to determine the genetic basis of tolerance of bacteria. Bacillus brevis is a known species for chromium remediation. Plasmid transfer and curing analysis helped define the role of a stable 18-kb plasmid DNA, which was able to impart a high degree of Cr(VI) resistance within 28 hours of about 75.8%, and its transformant was able to reduce 69.9% Cr(VI) at a Cr(VI)mL−1 concentration of 180 µg and 160 µg, respectively. The study was the first of its kind for genetic correlation between chromium tolerance and reduction in bacteria (Verma et al., 2009).
The Sources and Origin of Magmas
Published in O.A. Bogatikov, R.F. Fursenko, G.V. Lazareva, E.A. Miloradovskaya, A. Ya, R.E. Sorkina, Magmatism and Geodynamics Terrestrial Magmatism Throughout the Earth’s History, 2020
E.V. Sharkov, O.A. Bogatikov, V.I. Kovalenko
In contrast to the classification of mantle material, which can be done reliably enough on the basis of available data, the genetic correlation of particular volcanics to particular assemblages of subcrustal rocks that may constitute the sources of parental deep-seated melts is not always unambiguous, and so far is valid only in general terms (Laz’ko et al., 1993). The most obvious potential links have been tentatively outlined in Table 9.1, but a number of aspects of this problem require further discussion.
Relationships between the incidence and degree of medullation with the diameter of alpaca fibers evaluated using a novel device based on artificial intelligence
Published in The Journal of The Textile Institute, 2023
Edgar Quispe, Max Quispe, Carlos Quispe, Adolfo Poma, Rufino Paucar-Chanca, Alan Cruz, Bruce A. McGregor
The correlation between AFD_G with %F_TMed (0.68) was lower than the 0.77 and 0.80 reported by McGregor (2006) and Pinares et al. (2019), respectively; however, it is close to 0.62, 0.64 and 0.65 reported by Cordero et al. (2011), Córdova (2015) and Berolatti et al. (2021); and higher than 0.44 reported by Aruquipa (2015). These comparisons show our results are within normal ranges. Also, given the evidence of a high and positive genetic correlation (0.93) between AFD and the presence of medullation reported by Pinares et al. (2019), as well as a positive correlation found by Cruz et al. (2019), if it were selected against %F_TMed, a reduction in AFD_G could be obtained, because the regression coefficient is high (0.68). Selection against %F_Tmed would not necessarily lead to a reduction in %F_StrMed or %F_ContMed, since the regression coefficient for these measurements with AFD are very low (0.02 and 0.04, respectively—see Table 4).
The difference in risk of chronic pulmonary disease morbidity and mortality between former elite athletes and ordinary men in Finland
Published in European Journal of Sport Science, 2020
Titta K. Kontro, Seppo Sarna, Jaakko Kaprio, Urho M. Kujala
Asthma is also a heterogenic and multifactorial disease which has different symptoms (Kleinert & Horton, 2018). The Lancet Commission argued that asthma is not an adequate name, underlying treatable traits should be recognized, and comorbidities, lifestyle and environmental factors should be taken into account (Kleinert & Horton, 2018). In the clinical setting, patients who present with a combination of COPD and asthma-related traits are quite common (Guerra, 2009; Hedman, Kaprio, Poussa, & Nieminen, 1999; Kauppi et al., 2011). However, there is also evidence that inflammatory processes differ in asthma and COPD and findings suggest that there is no strong common genetic component in asthma and COPD (Smolonska et al., 2014), but a genetic correlation between COPD and asthma has found (Hobbs et al., 2017).
The components of staple tenacity and the determinants of length after carding
Published in The Journal of The Textile Institute, 2019
Theoretically, selection for animals that are genetically superior in staple tenacity could place selection pressure on one or more of the components of staple tenacity. This may be determined by the most responsive trait, or the genes available in the population may limit responses in other parameters. For example, variation in relaxed fibre length may respond more quickly than other components. A genetic correlation between two of the components, for example fibre length variation and variation in cross-sectional area, might produce a response in two components simultaneously. On the other hand if many and separate genes were involved, we might first see a response in say fibre length variation, and when the fibres become very uniform with respect to this trait, selection for staple tenacity may reduce cross-sectional area variation until all the fibres become uniform and cylindrical. This could then be followed by change in another component trait. Furthermore, low variation in fibre length could manifest itself in two ways: identically crimped fibres or fibres with no crimp at all. The correlation between average fibre length and variation in fibre length, if genetically determined, may precipitate straight fibres as a response to continued selection for staple tenacity. Although uniformly crimped and perfectly cylindrical wool fibres may be desirable for certain end products, perfectly straight fibres would most likely be less useful. A new selection criterion may be advisable. The total energy to break the staple was not significantly correlated with relaxed fibre length variation and selection for this parameter may lead to desirable changes in the strength of individual wool fibres given its association with length after carding.