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Riverine and Flood Modeling Software
Published in Saeid Eslamian, Faezeh Eslamian, Flood Handbook, 2022
Mustafa Goodarzi, Saeid Eslamian
The WMS model is a comprehensive watershed modeling system. This model includes hydraulic and hydrological modeling systems related to the watershed. The inputs of this model include meteorological data, digital elevation model (DEM), land use, and soil type, which are used to calculate physical parameters of watershed and model precipitation-runoff in the catchment area (Sen and Kahya, 2017). In general, with the help of the WMS model, one can simulate a watershed and a variety of related issues. The software supports a number of hydraulic and hydrologic models that can be used to create drainage basin simulations. The software provides tools to automate the various basic and advanced delineations, calculations, and modeling processes. By using these tools, which are taken from authentic models, both water quantity and water quality in the watershed could be modeled, easily. The most important models supported in this software are HEC-1, HEC-RAS, HEC-HMS, TR-20, TR-55, NFF, Rational, MODRAT, HSPF, CE-QUAL-W2, GSSHA, and SMPDBK (WMS, 2018).
Financial allocation and network recovery for interdependent wastewater treatment infrastructure: development of resilience metrics
Published in Sustainable and Resilient Infrastructure, 2023
Mohammad Karamouz, Mohammad Movahhed, Ali Haji Elyasi
Floodplain delineation and routing are essential in analyzing the vulnerabilities of an infrastructure network. The Gridded Surface Subsurface Hydrologic Analysis (GSSHA) model, developed by the US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), was used for this purpose. GSSHA is a 2D hydrologic model that uses digital elevation model (DEM) and geographic information system (GIS) tools to illustrate flooded areas and inundation depth. GSSHA is capable of combining the impact of rainfall and storm surge for overland flow simulation during coastal flooding events (Karamouz & Fereshtehpour, 2019). In this model, spatial analysis with a raster format representing data in DEM grid cells with different land-use and soil types is employed to produce the inundation map of the watershed (Downer & Ogden, 2004; Karamouz et al., 2014). The inundation depths at different infrastructures’ components over the storm’s duration will be obtained from the GSSHA model.
Physically-based, distributed hydrologic model for Makkah watershed using GPM satellite rainfall and ground rainfall stations
Published in Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk, 2021
Ahmed M. Al-Areeq, Muhammad A. Al-Zahrani, Hatim O. Sharif
GSSHA is a complete watershed model used for hydrologic, hydraulic, sediment, and water quality simulations. GSSHA simulates channel flow (one dimension) and overland flow (two dimensions) on a structured grid using explicit finite-volume solutions of the St. Venant equations of flow (Downer and Ogden 2004, 2006). All processes are simulated over each grid cell. The major components of the GSSHA model are temporally and spatially varying precipitation, evapotranspiration, surface runoff routing, interception by plants, simplified lake storage and routing, infiltration, saturated groundwater flow, wetland peat layer hydraulics, unsaturated zone soil moisture accounting, overland sediment erosion transport and deposition, overland contaminant transport and uptake, and in-stream sediment transport (GSSHA Primer 2018). GSSHA can offer four options to simulate infiltration: Richard’s equation, Green and Ampt (GA), Green and Ampt with redistribution (GAR), and multi-layered GA (Richards, 1931; GSSHA Primer 2018). The multi-layered GA and GA are used for modeling a single storm event, while continuous storm events are simulated by the GAR (Ogden and Saghafian 1997).