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Theory I
Published in Armin Grunwald, Technology Assessment in Practice and Theory, 2018
Knowledge types and pieces created, used, and assessed in TA come from different sources and are generally rather heterogeneous and in part incommensurable in epistemic respects (Sect. 4.3.1). Natural sciences such as geography, ecology, and climatology, as well as social sciences, provide systems knowledge. Normative disciplines such as ethics and legal sciences contribute to normative orientation. Futures studies provide the assessment with scenarios, and hermeneutic inquiry helps in understanding the respective context, while action-oriented sciences such as politics and economics deal with measures to reach specific targets. Beyond interdisciplinary integration, there is also a need to integrate knowledge from outside science in the assessment process, e.g., local knowledge provided by stakeholders (Sect. 3.3.1, cf. Scholz/Steiner 2015).
How about dinner?
Published in Jonathan Chapman, Routledge Handbook of Sustainable Product Design, 2017
In relation to the question of methods, we also experienced certain limits. As long discussed in user-centered and participatory design, starting in present-day lifestyles and established qualitative research methods, it can be difficult to imagine or validate the radical change that many argue environmentalism will require. In our other research projects, and in future work, therefore, we are applying methods from other disciplines and developing new design research methods. For example, in PhD work (Kuijer, 2014), the impact of future artefacts or routines are explored with people in real-life experiments, and in Switch! (Mazé, 2008), futures studies methods are adapted into speculative and participatory design for sustainable development. Related work explores performative ethnography (Halse and Clark, 2008), performing future scenarios in collaborative design (Wangel, 2012), and ‘context-mapping’ (Sleeswijk-Visser et al., 2005), documenting people’s dreams about the future – intersections between methods in the social sciences and in design research relevant to alternative ways of approaching sayings and doings.
Futurity
Published in Thomas Birtchnell, John Urry, A New Industrial Future?, 2016
To examine the four uncertainties outlined in this chapter this book draws on a scenario-building exercise held in 2012. Why use scenarios? The use of scenarios in futures studies arose due to efforts to offset the uncertainty that is inherent in single-track, long-range forecasting.31 By drawing on broad sources of data ‘out in the world’, ranging from the media and public opinion to scientific consensus and modelling, scenarios attempt to avoid the bias that religious divination suffers.32 Scenarios do not claim to be able to interpret the future and in this way lend balance to forecasting. The development of multiple scenarios in a scientific, rational manner arose in the mid-twentieth century to cater for the demand for objectivity and a ‘science’ of forecasting.33 Scenarios are useful for objectivity but not so much for subjectivity. In scenarios there are limited opportunities for prosaic forecasts pertaining to individuals and their own lives. No-one ever made their fortune from making scenarios. Instead, scenarios find purpose and application in developing policies, laws, proposals and responses to broad challenges and opportunities.
Urban regenerative thinking and practice: a systematic literature review
Published in Building Research & Information, 2022
Drawing from an ecological worldview, regenerative design and development offer alternative and optimistic frameworks for growth within urban built environments. They challenge underpinning assumptions around human–nature relationships and emphasize the role of the story of an individual place in achieving desired future states. Operationalization of regenerative principles, particularly in high-density cities remains a challenge and a larger pool of case studies is needed to illustrate effective, practical implementation. This may also require the inclusion of a broader cross-section of stakeholders in urban planning processes. Additionally, ongoing engagement of policy-makers, regenerative practitioners and urban communities will be critical to realize the conceptual aspirations of regenerative approaches. In the context of rapidly deteriorating ecological systems, however, regenerative fields offer a fundamental shift in the approach to urban sustainability and possible positive transformation. A continual, temporal evolution of these fields using a futures studies perspective that incorporates short, medium and long-term timeframes may assist in overcoming current challenges to the implementation of regenerative principles and practices.
The complexity of value of travel time for self-driving vehicles – a morphological analysis
Published in Transportation Planning and Technology, 2021
Maria Nordström, Albin Engholm
Though there are a number of scenario modelling techniques in the literature (Börjeson et al. 2006; Amer, Daim, and Jetter 2013), we have chosen to carry out a morphological analysis as an explorative tool. Developed for scenario modelling in defense planning and used by researchers in the field of futures studies and technological forecasting, it can be used to visualize elements and dimensions to develop raw scenarios for the future (Amer, Daim, and Jetter 2013). In this context, a scenario is defined as a description of a possible state. It is not intended as a prediction of future events, rather the intention is to present a set of alternatives against which different courses of action can be considered. Morphological analysis allows us to showcase the diversity of possible future SDV-mobility concepts by presenting the solution space in which each solution represent one SDV mobility concept.
Care moves people: complex systems and futures signals supporting production and reflection of individual mobile utopias
Published in Mobilities, 2020
Nicolas A. Balcom Raleigh, Anna Kirveennummi, Sari Puustinen
In our multidisciplinary team, concepts are developed in and away from an overlapping of several disciplinary frames – most of all futures studies, ethnography and urban planning. Each frame looks at mobility issues with its own concepts and practises. The main focus is in discussions where transport planning meets human and socio-cultural approaches, connections and continuities, disconnections and discontinuities, in space-time proximities, discourses and practises etc. (Freudendal-Pedersen et al., 2016; Järvi et al., 2015; cf. Sheller 2012 about multilevel approaches and framings).