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Interaction and Integration Complexity Metrics for Component-Based Software
Published in Umesh Kumar Tiwari, Santosh Kumar, Component-Based Software Engineering, 2020
Umesh Kumar Tiwari, Santosh Kumar
Component-based software applications are composed of independently deployable components. The assembly of these components has a common intention to contribute their functionalities to the system. Technically this assembly is referred to as integration of and interaction among components. Interaction edges are used to denote the connections among components, with an edge for each requesting communication and similarly an edge for each responding communication. A requesting component sends a “request edge” and the responding component sends a “response edge.” This metric is based on the concept of double edges to show the interaction among requesting and responding components. In a flow graph, vertices denote components, and edges between components are used to denote integrations and interactions among them. The internal structures of components are also shown in the control-flow graph. Figure 5.3 shows a flow graph where two components are integrated.
Transfer Function
Published in Anastasia Veloni, Nikolaos I. Miridakis, Digital Control Systems, 2017
Anastasia Veloni, Nikolaos I. Miridakis
Signal flow graphs (S.F.Gs), similar to block diagrams, provide an overview of the system and represent an alternative representation of the relationship among the variables of the system. S.F.G theory was developed by S. J. Mason (July 1953) and is implemented in any system without the need to simplify the functional diagram, which is a particularly laborious process for complex diagrams. A flow graph consists of nodes, branches, and loops.
Dynamic Model and Small Signal Analysis of Z-Source Inverter
Published in IETE Journal of Research, 2019
M. Jokar Kouhanjani, M. Mehrtash, A. R. Seifi
In this paper, the dynamic model of a three-phase six-switch ZSI is presented. The steady state model and AC small signal analysis were used to obtain the dynamic model. In [3], a dynamic model was proposed for a Z-source DC–DC converter by considering a simplified equivalent circuit, in which the AC side is referred to the DC side. This model can be used only for DC–DC converters, the load of which is static without any dynamic behavior; while, in the proposed model, the state variables of the AC side were considered. Therefore, the proposed model is more comprehensive and can be also used for three-phase ZSC in the inversion mode. In [17,18], transient model of ZSI and the signal flow graph of the considered system are proposed. To the best knowledge of the present authors, this model has not been reported for ZSIs so far. An accurate dynamic model is necessary for both determining the appropriate ZSI with efficient size of inductor and capacitor and designing the control system which guarantees the stability of the system. To validate the proposed model, the dynamic model was solved by MATLAB and compared with the real circuit implemented in the PSCAD/EMTDC. The simulation results demonstrated the accuracy of the proposed model for the three-phase ZSI.
Off-axis optical quadruple racetrack resonator: performance optimization
Published in International Journal of Modelling and Simulation, 2019
Subhankar Addya, Sabitabrata Dey, Sanjoy Mandal
In this work, we have demonstrated an asymmetric off-axis racetrack architecture having four optical resonators with asymmetric dimensions and orientations. All these four resonators are coupled to each other along with two linear waveguides at the input and output through coupling coefficients (k1, k2, k3, k4, k5, k6). These coupling coefficients can also be expressed in terms of cross and self-coupling coefficient in place of self and cross-coupling coefficients as and , where ‘i’ ranges from 1 to 6. The signal flow graph of the said model has also been depicted in Figure 1(b). In Figure 1(a), the blue curved line depicts the path of a portion of the optical input that reaches the drop port after traversing two racetrack resonators and thereafter the red one is indicating the path of rest of the optical input that traverses through all the four racetrack resonators and finally transmitted through the drop port of the designed architecture.
Current-Reuse Active Inductor-Based VCO for Reconfigurable RF Front-End
Published in IETE Journal of Research, 2022
Lakshmi Nediyara Suresh, Bhaskar Manickam
The signal flow graph model of the active inductor is shown in Figure 4. Vvccs stands for voltage-controlled current source (in the proposed design, this is a complementary CS amplifier, transconductance is gm1 + gm2). VC is the voltage developed at the gate–source capacitance (Cgs1 + Cgs2) due to the current flow IC which is the output current of the voltage-controlled current source IV CCS.