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Dynamic System Response
Published in Arthur G.O. Mutambara, Design and Analysis of Control Systems, 2017
The signal flow graph is another visual tool for representing causal relationships between components of the system. It is a simplified version of a block diagram introduced by S. J. Mason as a cause-and-effect representation of linear systems. In addition to the difference in physical appearances between the signal flow graph and the block diagram, the signal flow graph is constrained by more rigid mathematical rules. The signal flow graph is defined as a graphical means of portraying the input-output relationships between the variables of a set of linear algebraic equations. Consider a linear system described by a set of n algebraic equations such that,
Microwave Amplifiers
Published in S. Raghavan, ®, 2019
A signal flow graph is a pictorial representation of a system normally described by a set of simultaneous equations. In microwave circuit analysis, circuits are described in terms of traveling “power” waves, as and bs, related to each other by S-parameters in the form of linear simultaneous equations. Hence, the signal flow graph technique can easily be adopted to represent linear microwave circuits pictorially via S-parameters, and furthermore, it can also be used to simplify circuits for analysis.
Dynamic Model and Small Signal Analysis of Z-Source Inverter
Published in IETE Journal of Research, 2019
M. Jokar Kouhanjani, M. Mehrtash, A. R. Seifi
In this paper, the dynamic model of a three-phase six-switch ZSI is presented. The steady state model and AC small signal analysis were used to obtain the dynamic model. In [3], a dynamic model was proposed for a Z-source DC–DC converter by considering a simplified equivalent circuit, in which the AC side is referred to the DC side. This model can be used only for DC–DC converters, the load of which is static without any dynamic behavior; while, in the proposed model, the state variables of the AC side were considered. Therefore, the proposed model is more comprehensive and can be also used for three-phase ZSC in the inversion mode. In [17,18], transient model of ZSI and the signal flow graph of the considered system are proposed. To the best knowledge of the present authors, this model has not been reported for ZSIs so far. An accurate dynamic model is necessary for both determining the appropriate ZSI with efficient size of inductor and capacitor and designing the control system which guarantees the stability of the system. To validate the proposed model, the dynamic model was solved by MATLAB and compared with the real circuit implemented in the PSCAD/EMTDC. The simulation results demonstrated the accuracy of the proposed model for the three-phase ZSI.
Off-axis optical quadruple racetrack resonator: performance optimization
Published in International Journal of Modelling and Simulation, 2019
Subhankar Addya, Sabitabrata Dey, Sanjoy Mandal
In this work, we have demonstrated an asymmetric off-axis racetrack architecture having four optical resonators with asymmetric dimensions and orientations. All these four resonators are coupled to each other along with two linear waveguides at the input and output through coupling coefficients (k1, k2, k3, k4, k5, k6). These coupling coefficients can also be expressed in terms of cross and self-coupling coefficient in place of self and cross-coupling coefficients as and , where ‘i’ ranges from 1 to 6. The signal flow graph of the said model has also been depicted in Figure 1(b). In Figure 1(a), the blue curved line depicts the path of a portion of the optical input that reaches the drop port after traversing two racetrack resonators and thereafter the red one is indicating the path of rest of the optical input that traverses through all the four racetrack resonators and finally transmitted through the drop port of the designed architecture.
Current-Reuse Active Inductor-Based VCO for Reconfigurable RF Front-End
Published in IETE Journal of Research, 2022
Lakshmi Nediyara Suresh, Bhaskar Manickam
The signal flow graph model of the active inductor is shown in Figure 4. Vvccs stands for voltage-controlled current source (in the proposed design, this is a complementary CS amplifier, transconductance is gm1 + gm2). VC is the voltage developed at the gate–source capacitance (Cgs1 + Cgs2) due to the current flow IC which is the output current of the voltage-controlled current source IV CCS.