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Technology for Full Citizenship: Challenges for the Research Community
Published in Jack M. Winters, Molly Follette Story, Medical Instrumentation, 2006
The medical device resource allocation system has the potential to incorporate some of the visionary approaches of universal design and user interfaces for all into a new paradigm for engineering. Universal design or design for all is a relatively new concept of design that recognizes and attempts to accommodate the broadest range of human abilities (e.g., see Chapter 6). The user interfaces for all literature has emerged from human–computer interaction. It provides examples of both the technical and the social dimensions of engineering. It communicates a vision “… of an approach for the development of computational environments catering for the broadest possible range of human abilities, skills, requirements and references” [2]. The literature also provides a roadmap for integrated, accessible, and useable environments for everyone by attacking assumptions about typical users, business contexts, and desktop computing [2].
General Design Guidance
Published in James R. Williams, Developing Performance Support for Computer Systems, 2004
Some proponents of accessibility claim that designing for all (or universal design) benefits all users, not just those with disabilities (Vanderheiden, 1997). While there is much truth to this claim (because universal design tends to make products easier to use), designing for the lowest common denominator can decrease the functionality of a product. For example, if color is not used because a small percentage of the population is colorblind, the advantage of color for searching for objects and coding information would be lost. On the other hand, by including color and adding redundant coding for those users that may not be able to perceive color, both functionality and accessibility can be obtained. Therefore, the key is to both provide the functionality to enable optimum performance and provide alternative methods of presenting and retrieving information that will enable the maximum number of users to use the performance support system. The above referenced documents provide standards and guidelines for accessibility for computer systems. Following is a list of guidelines extracted from ISO/TS 16071 (2002), the W3C Recommendation for Content Accessibility (1999) and Vanderheiden (1997) that particularly apply to the development of performance support.
Quality in Use for All
Published in Constantine Stephanidis, User Interfaces for All, 2000
The objective of design for all is to provide accessible and easy to use technology for both professionals and the user population at large. It is no longer sufficient to just deliver technically excellent systems. There is increasing demand for computer systems that are widely accessible, easy to learn and use, and easy to integrate into work or leisure activities. Despite the rapid increase of computer power and the progress in the sophistication of systems development, these objectives are not being achieved: It is widely believed that the majority of computer users still cannot get their systems to do exactly what they want.
Seven HCI Grand Challenges
Published in International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction, 2019
Constantine Stephanidis, Gavriel Salvendy, Margherita Antona, Jessie Y. C. Chen, Jianming Dong, Vincent G. Duffy, Xiaowen Fang, Cali Fidopiastis, Gino Fragomeni, Limin Paul Fu, Yinni Guo, Don Harris, Andri Ioannou, Kyeong-ah (Kate) Jeong, Shin’ichi Konomi, Heidi Krömker, Masaaki Kurosu, James R. Lewis, Aaron Marcus, Gabriele Meiselwitz, Abbas Moallem, Hirohiko Mori, Fiona Fui-Hoon Nah, Stavroula Ntoa, Pei-Luen Patrick Rau, Dylan Schmorrow, Keng Siau, Norbert Streitz, Wentao Wang, Sakae Yamamoto, Panayiotis Zaphiris, Jia Zhou
This criticism stimulated the conceptualization of theories, methodologies, and tools of a proactive and more generic nature that could more accurately adapt to the increased interactivity of new technologies. Universal access advocates the right of all citizens, regardless of age and disability, to obtain equitable access to, and maintain effective interaction with, IT information resources and artifacts (Stephanidis et al., 1998). In the context of universal access, design for all has been defined as a general framework catering for conscious and systematic efforts to proactively apply principles, methods, and tools to develop IT products and services accessible and usable by all citizens, thus avoiding the need for a posteriori adaptation, or specialized design. Indicative of the importance and interest that this area has received is the number of relevant terms and approaches used to describe the notion of proactive solutions to accessibility, comprising inclusive design, barrier-free design, universal design, and accessible design (Persson, Åhman, Yngling, & Gulliksen, 2015).