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Multiantenna Systems
Published in Mohammed Usman, Mohd Wajid, Mohd Dilshad Ansari, Enabling Technologies for Next Generation Wireless Communications, 2020
MIMO benefits offer a significant increase in data throughput, data rate, and spectral efficiency without an additional frequency spectrum or power. The MIMO system shows improved throughput even when the channel is heavily faded or when there is too much interference. This improvement is credited to the fact that MIMO systems make use of a diversity techniques to estimate channel. Due to the above reasons, MIMO technology emerged as 4G standard/interface for current/future wireless systems. Mathematically, the theoretical upper bound of channel capacity is given by the Shannon–Hartley theorem (Shannon 1948) C=Blog21+SNR, whereC : capacity in bps (bits / second)B : bandwidthSNR : the signal-to-noise power ratio.
Communication systams
Published in Richard C. Dorf, Ronald J. Tallarida, Pocket Book of Electrical Engineering Formulas, 2018
Richard C. Dorf, Ronald J. Tallarida
The limiting rate of information transmission through a channel is called the channel capacity. For a source with an available alphabet of α discrete messages, the maximum entropy of the source is log2α bits, and if T is the transmission time of each message, the channel capacity C is C=1Tlog2αbits/second
Informatics of Remote RF Sensing
Published in Kevin Yallup, Krzysztof Iniewski, Technologies for Smart Sensors and Sensor Fusion, 2017
The channel capacity C (measured in bits per second or binary digits per second) is the maximum rate at which symbols can be transmitted reliably between the source and destination over a channel subject to additive, white, Gaussian noise. The channel capacity depends upon the bandwidth B (measured in Hz) of the channel and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at the output of the channel. While the source may hold an unbounded amount of information content, that content cannot be transferred to the destination at a rate R > C without the introduction of random errors. Significantly, this principle applies just as well to the remote sensing problem: information about the remote object cannot be transferred at a higher rate than the channel capacity of the link being used to exfiltrate the data from the remote object, and analysis of that link is therefore central to the remote RF sensing problem.
An Eight-Element MIMO Antenna Array for NR Application
Published in IETE Journal of Research, 2023
The Channel Capacity measures the maximum extent to which information can be transmitted without loss in the communication channel. Let us consider a communication system (MIMO) with Tt transmitting antennas and Rr receiving antennas if the channel state information is not known by the transmitter and equal power is supplied to each element, then the ergodic channel capacity Cc of the MIMO communication system is given by Equation (5) where variable n is given by min (Tt, Rr); Tt is the number of transmitting antennas and Rr is the number of receiving antennas; PS and PN are the signal power and noise power of the receiving antenna, respectively; H is the channel matrix and H* is the transpose of the channel matrix [46].
Lifetime improved WSN using enhanced-LEACH and angle sector-based energy-aware TDMA scheduling
Published in Cogent Engineering, 2020
Ramadhani Sinde, Feroza Begum, Karoli Njau, Shubi Kaijage
This channel capacity is determined for the channel in terms of bits/second. denotes the bandwidth present in the channel and is signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) that is composed of signal levels and noise levels . The SNR plays a significant role in the channel using which the data transmission can be performed without any error. The third metric is the packet error rate that is determined based on the presence of the number of readable slots in the aggregated data. Readable data is defined as the data without any error in the aggregated packets. These three metrics are considered as input in the fuzzy logic system to define rules and the best channel is selected.
Design and Implementation of an Enterprise Credit Risk Assessment Model Based on Improved Fuzzy Neural Network
Published in Applied Artificial Intelligence, 2023
Broadband noise interference needs to estimate the target signal bandwidth, set the interference signal according to the target bandwidth, and cover the entire target signal spectrum bandwidth as much as possible, which is also called full-band interference or blocking interference. Usually, represents the interference level, and the unit is . Shannon channel capacity represents the maximum data transfer rate that the channel can sustain at an arbitrarily small error rate. If we want to transmit more than this rate, the reception of the information is bound to go wrong. This disturbed channel capacity is defined as