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Basics of the central processing unit
Published in Joseph D. Dumas, Computer Architecture, 2016
One more type of binary addition circuit is worth mentioning at this time: the carry save adder. A carry save adder is just a set of full adders, one per bit position; it is similar to a ripple carry adder with the important exception that the carry out of each adder is not connected to the carry in of the next more significant adder. Instead, the carry in is treated as another input so that three numbers are added at once instead of two. The output carries are not propagated and added in at the next bit position; instead, they are treated as outputs from the circuit. The carry save adder thus produces a set of sum bits and a set of carry bits (see Figure 3.20).
Design and performance analysis of array multiplier (using Xilinx)
Published in Sangeeta Jadhav, Rahul Desai, Ashwini Sapkal, Application of Communication Computational Intelligence and Learning, 2022
Rahul Johny, Nilay Vejare, Sumit Tripathi, Sunny Sharma, Lakshmi Iyer
In a conventional carry save adder with half adder the carry out and sum of each stage of full adders and half adders is saved and is given as the inputs in of the subsequent stage. The only difference in this case is there are two input half adders used instead of full adder. In the above Figure 24.4, we can see an array multiplier is constructed using CSA in every successive stage.
Fixed-Point Addition
Published in Joseph Cavanagh, Computer Arithmetic and Verilog HDL Fundamentals, 2017
Carry-save adders (CSAs) save the carry from propagating to the next higher-order stage in an n-bit adder. They can be used to add multiple bits of the same weight from multiple operands or to add multiple n-bit operands. An adder using the carry-save technique results in a high-speed add operation. A carry-save adder is simply a full adder and is also referred to as a Wallace tree.
The recursive multiplexer based multipliers
Published in International Journal of Electronics Letters, 2020
Multiplication is a common operation in digital signal processing (DSP) systems (Vijayalakshmi, 2019; Yarkın, Erdinç, & Berk, 2014). Especially for mobile embedded systems, memory modules are the most power consuming components (Ku, Chen, Hsia, & Chen, 2014) and next to them, multipliers induce a large amount of delay and power consumption as well. Therefore, multipliers are essential to embedded system performance, in terms of speed and power efficiency. A multiplication consists of two operations, the generation of partial products and the accumulation of them. In conventional array multiplication, the carry-save adder is an efficient implementation for the partial products accumulation (Datta et al., 2004). Especially when dealing addition with a larger number of bits, the carry-save adder has been extensively used in high speed applications because it reduces the carry propagation significantly.
High-Speed Hybrid Multiplier Design Using a Hybrid Adder with FPGA Implementation
Published in IETE Journal of Research, 2023
The array multiplier was designed using a modified full adder-based multiplexer. This multiplier consumes only low power. For increasing the speed, the Wallace tree multiplier is introduced. This increases the speed of partial product accumulation, because a carry-save adder is used instead of a ripple carry adder.