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IC Layout and Fabrication
Published in M. Michael Vai, Vlsi Design, 2017
The format a layout is described in a computer file depends on the CAD system used. When a design is submitted to a silicon foundry for fabrication, the layout is usually converted into either a Calma GDSII file or Caltech Intermediate Form (CIF) file. GDSII is a binary format and CIF uses a plain ASCII format. References are provided at the end of this chapter for information on these two layout specifications.
RAMES – Framework supporting user centred evaluation in research and practice
Published in Behaviour & Information Technology, 2019
Marta K. Larusdottir, Jan Gulliksen, Niklas Hallberg
The ISO/IEC 25066 standard (2016) describes the Common Industry Format (CIF) for usability evaluation reports. As stated in the introduction of the standard: It provides a classification of evaluation approaches and the specifications for the content items (content elements) to be included in the evaluation report based on the selected evaluation approach(es). The intended users of the usability evaluations reports are identified, as well as the situations in which the usability evaluation report can be applied. (ISO/IEC 2016)The standard includes three types of usability evaluations: inspection, observation of users and user surveys. The usability evaluation report contains the following items: executive summary, description of the object of evaluation, purpose of the evaluation, method, procedure, results, interpretations of results and recommendations and additional content for conformity assessment. All in all, there are 64 factors that should or may be described in the usability evaluation report. Like explained by Bevan et al. (2016), these 64 items can be used as a checklist to ensure that for each type of evaluation that is reported, all the required content and appropriate recommended items are included. An example of an evaluation report given in the standard is 7 pages.