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Minimal realisations of odd transfer functions for first-degree nD systems
Published in International Journal of Control, 2020
De-Yin Zheng
For the sake of subsequent calculations, we review some notions and results. A skew-symmetric (or antisymmetric or antimetric (Reyment & Jöreskog, 1996)) matrix is a square matrix whose transpose is its negation; that is, it satisfies the condition AT = −A. If the entry in the ith row and jth column is ai, j, i.e. A = (ai, j) then the skew-symmetric condition is ai, j = −aj, i. A skew-symmetric determinant of odd order vanishes. The even-dimensional case can be calculated by the Pfaffian function of the matrix. These are the following two lemmas.