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Automotive Antennas Overview: Patents, Papers, and Products
Published in Victor Rabinovich, Nikolai Alexandrov, Basim Alkhateeb, Automotive Antenna Design and Applications, 2010
Victor Rabinovich, Nikolai Alexandrov, Basim Alkhateeb
Printed-on-glass antennas present some advantages over traditional whip antennas. A major flaw of a whip antenna is that it can break or bend easily upon contact with an interfering object. Printed-on-glass antennas are not noisy under windy conditions, hinder vandalism, and resist damage.
Foundations of electromagnetism
Published in Riadh Habash, BioElectroMagnetics, 2020
Whip antenna: This is cylindrical in shape. The size varies according to the frequency and gain for which it is designed. The whip antenna is also called a stick or pipe antenna, and is usually omnidirectional.
Smart networks of autonomous in-situ soil sensors
Published in European Journal of Environmental and Civil Engineering, 2023
Xavier Chavanne, Jean-Pierre Frangi
Later, the patch has been substituted with the external whip antennas: a monopole of /4 wavelength (100 mm long with Sub Miniature A RF connector from Low Power Radio Solutions Ltd, UK) and a /2 antenna from Pycom Ltd. In spite of limited information on its characteristics the latter one is chosen as the kit, which includes a U.FL cable, is cheaper than the other external antenna with its cable. Whip antennas present a Voltage Standing Wave Ratio closer to one and higher gains, as well as more isotropic radiation pattern, than the patch antenna. Voltage Standing Wave Ratio is the ratio of maximum to minimum voltages in antenna cable and measures impedance mismatch between the two components. The closer VSWR is to one the smaller are the mismatch and transmission loss. Whip antennas are more expensive and necessitate a water-tight connection through the box wall.