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Applications
Published in Jun Ohta, Smart CMOS Image Sensors and Applications, 2020
Ever since blue LEDs and white LEDs have emerged, light sources have drastically changed. For example, room lighting, lamps in automobiles, and large outdoor displays nowadays use LEDs. The introduction of LEDs with their fast modulation has produced a new application area, called ‘free-space optical communication’. Visible light communication (VLC) is one type of free-space optical communication, involving visible light sources, especially LED-based signals, such as room lights, automobile lumps, traffic signals and outdoor displays [490]. Combined with image sensors, free-space optical communication can be extended to human interfaces because images are visually intuitive for humans. This specific area called ‘optical camera communication (OCC)’ is a candidate for the standardization of issues in IEEE 802.15.7r1.
Positioning Algorithms and Systems
Published in Mohsen Kavehrad, Reza Aminikashani, Visible Light Communication Based Indoor Localization, 2019
Mohsen Kavehrad, Reza Aminikashani
VLC-based techniques employ fluorescent lamps and LEDs. Utilizing VLC, positioning services can be offered universally wherever the lighting infrastructures exist, even in some environments that RF radiation is dangerous or even forbidden, such as hospitals with a lot of medical equipment and nucleus industries. VLC-based localization systems can fit in these RF-prohibited areas perfectly since no electromagnetic interference is generated. Most of the VLC-based techniques use LEDs as the light source, since they can be modulated more easily compared to fluorescent lamps, and location data can be transmitted in a simpler way. Hence, proposed indoor positioning techniques based on VLC and LEDs are excellent options. Moreover, LEDs are currently being installed in most buildings, especially larger ones, e.g., museums and shopping malls, as the primary lighting source instead of fluorescent lamps since they have the advantage of much longer life and lower operating cost.
5G Technology
Published in Ashish Bagwari, Geetam Singh Tomar, Jyotshana Bagwari, Advanced Wireless Sensing Techniques for 5G Networks, 2018
Pooja Joshi, Ashish Bagwari, Ashish Negi
In the upcoming cellular network, visual light communication (VLC) is a medium that convey high-speed data transfer and is used for small range line of sight (LOS) optical links. VLC was first proposed in 1999 and is also referred to as optical wireless communication. It is presented as a potential candidate for 5G networks. VLC uses white light emitting diodes, that is, LEDs, as a desirable indoor communication system because the presence of LEDs in indoor environments is common, so VLC does not require any additional cost and power for deployment [28]. This energy efficient technology provides a wide range of free frequency bands with gigabits/s data rates and spatial reuse and supports interference-free transmission for indoor device-to-device (D2D) and outdoor Light Fidelity (Li-Fi) users with high security. In comparison to mmwave communication, the VLC band is much richer in spectrum, having a range from 380 to 780 nm with a frequency range up to 790 THz [29].
Smart lighting systems: state-of-the-art and potential applications in warehouse order picking
Published in International Journal of Production Research, 2021
Marc Füchtenhans, Eric H. Grosse, Christoph H. Glock
As mentioned previously, SLS offer the opportunity to transmit data using the VLC concept. In warehouses, workers often use handheld devices that provide information on travel directions, item locations and required item quantities. If the required information can be sent to the devices wirelessly without having to connect them to a docking station, the setup step is shortened and the entire order picking process becomes more efficient. In a warehouse environment, some wireless data transmission technologies (such as RF technologies like Wi-Fi and Bluetooth) may be prone to errors due to physical barriers and frequency interference with other signals on a similar bandwidth (cf. Section 3.1.4). VLC is not subject to such effects and can transmit signals error-free as long as light reaches the device's photodiode. Since the signal transmission between transmitter and receiver can only take place in the line of sight, VLC also offers a high degree of data protection, whereby depending on the data protection level, data transmission can only be given in specific areas. While the entire order picking process benefits from information availability, we see potential especially in shortening the setup step, eliminating the need for handheld synchronisation.
2.03 Gbps visible light communication system with 64-QAM-OFDM utilizing a single flip-chip blue GaN-LED
Published in Journal of Modern Optics, 2019
Zheng Zhou, Lilin Liu, Gang Wang
With the rapidly growing data requirements in all fields at all times, the radio frequency (RF) spectrum will not likely meet the source demand. Therefore, it is mandatory to exploit and improve the usage of other spectrum resources, such as millimetre and optical waves. Visible light communication (VLC) is a new type of wireless communication, which enables access to hundreds of THz of unregulated spectrum, and it has gained significant interest over the last decade. Indeed, it is widely expected that VLC systems will cooperate with the existing wireless communication systems, and will play a key role in 5G-and-beyond connectivity, especially for intelligent transport systems, underwater communications, and indoor positioning (1,2).