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Solid Materials: Joining Processes
Published in Leo Alting, Geoffrey Boothroyd, Manufacturing Engineering Processes, 2020
Here the arc is maintained between a bare consumable metal electrode and the work material (see Fig. 8.6a and b). To compensate for the continuous melting of the electrode, it must be moved toward the work material to keep a constant arc length along the weld. In welding with bare electrodes, the arc tends to become unstable and, consequently, the process is used only in special applications. The best known application is stud welding, where a metal stud is joined to a workpiece. The arc is established between the workpiece and the stud and maintained until a sufficiently high temperature is produced, and the stud is pressed against the workpiece to provide coalescence. Special equipment in the form of stud-welding guns has been developed for this process.
Fabrication and Joining of Zinc- Coated Steel
Published in Frank Porter, Zinc Handbook, 1991
Capacitor Discharge Stud-Welding. This is widely used on thin sheets of hot-dip zinc-coated steel with a variety of stud sizes and shapes. High capacitor bank and voltage settings are required compared with uncoated steels.
Stud shape and joint strength for low carbon steel joints fabricated by friction stud welding with low load force requirement
Published in Welding International, 2022
Masaaki Kimura, Haru Saito, Masahiro Kusaka, Koichi Kaizu
Stud joints, made by welding plate such as flat plates and round bars or the like, are widely used not only in large-scale structures such as buildings and ships but also in transportation equipment and the housings of electrical products and in the products themselves. Stud joints are conventionally fabricated using arc or capacitor discharge (CD) welding, which allow welding to be carried out with short operating time [1]. Also, to obtain good joint accompanying a high operational efficiency and good workability, various ingenuity is provided to arc stud welding technique [2]. However, an arc stud joint has several problems for actual welding construction such as a working reliability, so that the joint properties will be dependent on operator skill or working conditions. Furthermore, since the molten zone tends to fall away in drops due to gravity when arc stud welding is carried out, it is difficult to obtain a sound joint and the welding direction during construction demands particular attention [3], making ease of operation difficult to achieve. Therefore, to establish of the welding technique without above dependence is required for obtaining the high reliability of stud joints. It can be considered that the stud joint will be made by using friction welding technique, i.e. friction stud welding, because this welding technique has several advantages over fusion welding, e.g. high energy efficiency, narrower heat affected zone (HAZ), and low welding cost.
A study on horizontal stud welding by using steel stud for flat welding
Published in Welding International, 2018
Yoshimoto Nakaseko, Takuma Uchida, Jippei Suzuki, Hiroshi Kawakami, Hitoshi Ozaki
In arc stud welding, an arc is generated between a sheet (base metal) and a rod-shaped member (stud) and the stud, the tip of which is molten, is plunged into a molten pool formed on the base metal by the heat so that the two members are welded. Arc stud welding is principally used in the downward position in which a stud is welded vertically to a horizontal base metal. In recent years, however, large structures where it is difficult to change welding positions and cases where already existing structures have to be welded have necessitated the use of a welding process in a direction other than the downward welding position. Stud diameters have also become larger to reflect the increased size and strength of the structures where used.