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Spin Transport in Hybrid Nanostructures
Published in Evgeny Y. Tsymbal, Igor Žutić, Spintronics Handbook: Spin Transport and Magnetism, Second Edition, 2019
Saburo Takahashi, Sadamichi Maekawa
Nonlocal spin injection in nanostructured devices provides a new opportunity for observing the Hall effect originating from spin-orbit interaction in nonmagnetic conductors, the so-called spin Hall effect (SHE) [79–85]. When a pure spin current without accompanying charge current is created in N via nonlocal spin injection, the up- and down-spin currents flowing in opposite directions are deflected in the same direction to induce a charge current in the transverse direction, resulting in a charge accumulation on the edges of N. Inversely, when an unpolarized charge current flows in N as a result of an applied electric field, the up- and down-spin currents flowing in the same direction are deflected in the opposite direction to induce a spin current in the transverse direction, resulting in a spin accumulation near the edges of N. As a consequence, the spin (charge) degrees of freedom are converted to charge (spin) degrees of freedom owing to spin-orbit scattering in nonmagnetic conductors. SHE has been observed using nonlocal spin injection in metal-based nanostructured devices [66, 86–91], which paves the way for future spin electronic applications. In addition to these extrinsic SHEs, intrinsic SHEs have been intensively studied in semiconductors which do not require impurities or defects [92–97].
Phase-Sensitive Interface and Proximity Effects in Superconducting Spintronics
Published in Evgeny Y. Tsymbal, Žutić Igor, Spintronics Handbook: Spin Transport and Magnetism, Second Edition, 2019
Another important consequence of spin-orbit coupling is the spin-Hall effect and the inverse spin-Hall effect [190–193], discussed further in Chapter 8, Volume 2 and Chapters 7–9, Volume 3. The spin-Hall effect is the generation of a spin current from a charge current as a result of spin-dependent asymmetric scattering in the presence of spin-orbit interaction. The inverse spin-Hall effect describes the reciprocal effect of a conversion of a spin current into a charge current. In superconductors, such as NbN, these effects are mediated by quasiparticle excitations above the superconducting gap, leading to a strong enhancement of the effects in the superconducting state [194].
Properties of Quantum Transport
Published in Jian-Bai Xia, Duan-Yang Liu, Wei-Dong Sheng, Quantum Waveguide in Microcircuits, 2017
Jian-Bai Xia, Duan-Yang Liu, Wei-Dong Sheng
where β is the strength coefficient of spin-orbit coupling, which is related to a specific material. This expression of spin-orbit coupling was first proposed by Dresselhaus in 1955 [14], so it is known as Dresselhaus spin‐orbit interaction.
Magnetic dipolar modes in magnon-polariton condensates
Published in Journal of Modern Optics, 2021
As it was noted above, observation of condensed states of dipolar magnetization is hardly possible, since spin superfluidity is destroyed on the scales of magnetic dipole–dipole interactions. It means that dipole-carrying excitations in a high-quality confined ferrite-disk structure cannot be identified as the quantum states of microscopic short-range excitations stabilized by the condensate phase. Nonetheless, following the studies with ultra-cold atomic gas structures [30,31], one can assume that microwave detection of dipole–dipole condensed structures will be realizable when MDM magnons are strongly trapped by rotational superflow in a ring geometry of a quasi-2D ferrite disk. In a pattern of the rotating magnetization, the spin angular momentum is converted into the orbital angular momentum of spin-vortex state via the spin–orbit interaction. The sum of the spin or orbital angular momenta is conserved. For energetically favourable angular velocity, the vortex is formed. The magnetic-dipolar condensate is shown to exhibit a novel ground state, which has a net orbital angular momentum with broken chiral symmetry. The effect of orbitally rotating MDM magnons in a quasi-2D ferrite disk was observed both numerically and experimentally. Theoretically, this can be explained based on an analysis of boundary value problems for MS resonances. In this case, non-trivial questions arise.
Spin–lattice relaxation phenomena in the magnetic state of a suggested Weyl semimetal CeAlGe
Published in Philosophical Magazine, 2020
The presence of Zeeman energy splits the bands into spin-up and spin-down states in the presence of spin–orbit coupling. As a result, these states are further interacted by the Rashba–Dresselhaus effect and lead to the breaking of time-reversal symmetry [27]. The Rashba effect arises due to structural inversion symmetry breaking and splits the spin sub-bands, while the Dresselhaus effect arises due to an additional symmetry breaking, resulting in strain-induced Dresselhaus spin–orbit interaction. Thus, both Rashba and Dresselhaus effect adds an additional interaction in spin–orbit coupling. An inequality between Rashba and Dresselhaus spin–orbit interaction leads to a non-equilibrium condition in the magnetic state [25]. As a result, exchange energy associated with the conduction electrons behaves like a torque [35]. This torque acting on magnetic moments results in a spin–lattice relaxation behaviour in the magnetic state of this compound.
Electronic and vibrational spectroscopy of the low-lying states of potassium mono-sulphide KS, and comparison in the series of MS (M = Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs)
Published in Molecular Physics, 2019
Hamza Hendaoui, Roberto Linguerri, Gilberte Chambaud, Nejm-Eddine Jaidane, Majdi Hochlaf
For the X2Π and the A2Σ+ states of LiS [23–25] and NaS [23,26], sets of spectroscopic constants are available. Both electronic states are coupled by spin-orbit interaction. Higher excited electronic states of LiS [24], NaS [26] and CsS [27] were also considered. The goal of the present work is to characterise the electronic ground and the low lying excited states of KS using high-level ab initio calculations as recently used on the CsS [27] isovalent diatomic molecule. In particular, we investigate the KS molecule using multi reference post-Hartree-Fock methods and large basis sets. We first compute the potential energy curves (PECs) of the electronic states of KS correlating to the first three dissociation limits with and without taking into account the spin-orbit interaction. In addition to the X2Π and 12Σ+ states, we focus on another bound excited electronic state, the 22Π state. The shapes of all these potentials are strongly affected by spin-orbit interaction and electron correlation. Then, we derive a set of spectroscopic constants that may be used for the identification of KS in plasma, interstellar media or in the laboratory. We also perform a comparative study on the alkali mono-sulphides series based on the present investigations and those available in the literature on MS (M = Li, Na, Rb, Cs) species.