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A Review on Wearable Antenna Design for IoT and 5G Applications
Published in Ankan Bhattacharya, Bappadittya Roy, Samarendra Nath Sur, Saurav Mallik, Subhasis Dasgupta, Internet of Things and Data Mining for Modern Engineering and Healthcare Applications, 2023
Debarati Ghosh, Ankan Bhattacharya, Arnab Nandi, Ujjal Chakraborty
Semi-circular antenna with a half-mode substrate-integrated waveguide (HMSIW) has been reported in the study of Banerjee et al. [15]. The operating frequency of the designed antenna is 5.8 GHz, which is an IoT compatible frequency band. Substrate-integrated waveguide offers high efficiency with minimum dimension. The paper mentions jeans as chosen substrate. The three-layered SIW structure consists of the dielectric substrate jeans sandwiched between the conductive ground plane and the semi-circular patch. It uses rows of inter-connecting cylindrical via of 1 mm diameter at the edges of the semi-circular patch. The antenna is designed and simulated in HFSS software. Coaxial feeding is employed in this design. The distance between the Via centres is kept at 1.5 mm to have minimum radiation loss. This SIW structure-based design offers cost-effective fabrication, −18 dB return loss with 6.02 dBi gain.
Antenna Design Challenges for 5G
Published in Mohammed Usman, Mohd Wajid, Mohd Dilshad Ansari, Enabling Technologies for Next Generation Wireless Communications, 2020
S. Arif Ali, Mohd Wajid, M. Shah Alam
As discussed in Section 9.3, AiP and AoC are the two techniques to integrate antenna with RF circuitry (see Figure 9.14 [Cheema and Shamim 2013]). AoCs is a future trend for next generation communication technology. The AoCs are expected to be mainstream technology for antenna development in the future due to their low cost and high efficiency (Cheema and Shamim 2013; 5G Americas, 2019). A monolithic antenna (i.e., AoC) for 5G applications was recently reported (Hedayati, Cetintepe, and Staszewski 2019). In this work, an active integrated antenna achieved a very high rate of 14 dBi, which is part of a nano-scale CMOS receiver. Substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) planar fabrication technology also offers antenna designers an innovative way to develop a complete 5G RF module along with antenna module on a single substrate (see Figure 9.15 [Djerafi, Doghri, and Wu 2015]). An effective way of miniaturizing antenna size is by using meta-material structures. While designing antennas for AiP, meta-material structures are utilized to generate negative or zeroth-order resonances at lower bands while designing mmWave antennas to make the overall size more compact (Dong and Itoh 2010).
Interposer Electromagnetic Compatibility Design
Published in Xing-Chang Wei, Modeling and Design of Electromagnetic Compatibility for High-Speed Printed Circuit Boards and Packaging, 2017
Besides their use for interconnects, through-substrate vias also can be used for package-level substrate integrated waveguide. Combining the advantage of planar technology with low loss characteristics intrinsic to the nonplanar rectangular waveguide, substrate integrated waveguide technology allows the design of compact lightweight and low-cost devices fully integrated into the substrate [19]. Considerable effort has been devoted to the design and development of PCB-level substrate integrated waveguide in the past few years [20]. However, for the package-level substrate integrated waveguide, due to the low resistivity of silicon substrate (ρ = 10 Ω cm), the waveguide structure integrated in silicon interposer always suffers larger transmission loss [19]. New materials and new waveguide structures are required to solve this problem.
Design of miniaturized high selectivity folded substrate integrated waveguide band pass filter with Koch fractal
Published in Electromagnetics, 2019
Nitin Muchhal, Shweta Srivastava
Substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) technology has numerous merits over conventional waveguide and microstrip structures such as easy integration with planar structure, high Q factor, high power handling capacity, etc. (Bozzi, Georgiadis, and Wu 2011) but it suffers from larger width. Therefore, miniaturization of SIW-based structures is one of the vital issues. For the miniaturization of the SIW structure, several techniques have been reviewed in (Muchhal and Srivastava 2017). Most recently, Moitra and Bhowmik (2016) has used half-mode SIW (HMSIW) technique to reduce the size of the SIW structures. C type folded SIW technique has been used in Muchhal et al. (2018) to achieve miniaturized band pass filter for Ku/K band applications. Filter reported in Danaeian, Afrooz, and Hakimi (2018) used novel metamaterial unit cells to achieve miniaturization for low frequency applications.
A CRLH leaky wave antenna on SIW with continuous scan using novel S-slots
Published in International Journal of Electronics Letters, 2018
Nitin Kumar, Oindrila Chakraborty, Rahul Agarwal, S. C. Gupta
Another growing field of interest is substrate integrated waveguides (SIWs), these are planar structures that have been used extensively for realisation of CRLH LWAs. SIW is a wave-guiding structure consisting of two horizontal metal plates with dielectric in between, it has two rows of cylinder in a direction normal to the plane of SIW, and connects the upper and lower metal plates through the dielectric, they acts like the side walls of the waveguide. For realising a CRLH TL, four parameters, a series capacitance, series inductance, shunt capacitance and shunt inductance, are required. All of the four required elements except one are inherently available with an SIW, the only element that is not provided is the series capacitance.
A Substrate Integrated Waveguide Bandpass Filter Based on the Modified CSRRs and the Z shaped slot
Published in Electromagnetics, 2021
Bo Yin, Qianqian Huang, Bin Wang, Wei Ruan
Since substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) (Deslandes and Wu 2003) was proposed, which has been considered as a potential alternative structure for wireless communication radar and sensor system integration. SIW not only has the characteristics of rectangular metal waveguide, such as low loss, low radiation, high Q value and high power, but also has the advantages of small size and easy integration. Therefore, SIW is widely used in antenna, filters and other RF devices. Now, the research is developing toward high-performance and miniaturization (Huang, Shao, and You et al. 2015; Liu et al. 2007).