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Combinational Logic Gates
Published in Dale Patrick, Stephen Fardo, Vigyan ‘Vigs’ Chandra, Electronic Digital System Fundamentals, 2020
Dale Patrick, Stephen Fardo, Vigyan ‘Vigs’ Chandra
A multiplexer acts like an electronically controlled rotary switch. A rotary switch is a mechanical device with a wiper arm that brushes across several stationary contacts, connecting with each one as it changes position. Figure 4-14(a) shows the symbolic representation of a rotary switch. In this switch circuit, the wiper arm selects which one of the sources it will receive. The position of the wiper arm is changed manually. A multiplexer responds in the same manner. The switching operation is achieved electronically instead of manually. A select input is used to determine which of the data-input lines is to be transferred to the output. Figure 4-14(b) shows a multiplexer representation of the rotary switch. The switching operation of a multiplexer is achieved internally with logic gates. It has no moving parts and the transfer of data is achieved automatically.
Some aspects on the sustainable process design in a timber mill using the design for manufacturability/sustainability
Published in International Journal of Sustainable Engineering, 2020
Jaishneel Krishant Sharma, Ananthanarayanan Rajeshkannan, Arnit Avinesh Sharma, Devi Rengamani Seenivasagam
Suresh, Ramabalan, and Natarajan (2016) reported that design for environment (DFE) and design for manufacturing and assembly (DFMA) principles can be used to develop a sustainable product, for which a case study was conducted on the ‘charge alternator pulley’. In this investigation, the ANSYS software is used to remodel the product and perform the stress analysis. Eventually, SOLIDWORKS software was used to determine the environmental impact of the CAD model; by which the remodelled product was proven to have a less environmental impact as compared to the existing design. Likewise, Vinodh (2011) performed an investigation on ‘rotary switch’ using computer-aided design and engineering. The existing design is remodelled using the ProE software and is subjected to sustainability analysis to reveal the environmental impact for both before and after the design; the redesign in software was proven to have a less environmental impact as compared to the existing design. Almost in a very similar context, Vinodh and Rajanayagam (2010) and Vinodh (2010) were performed the studies on sustainable product development. It is reported that in the ‘former case’, design for manufacturability (DFM) is used and in the ‘latter case’, the DFE is used. To summarise, the SOLIDWORKS software appears to be highly used to perform the sustainability analysis of a product. This reveals the environmental impact, in terms of carbon footprint (CFP), energy consumption (EC), air acidification (AA), and water eutrophication (WE) for the product’s initial to the final phases, such as materials, manufacturing, usage, end of life and transportation. All the literature above is focused on either modifying the geometry or the material or the manufacturing just in the software to develop a sustainable product. Neither in the software nor the real industry environment, the whole or the part of the processes were considered in developing the sustainable product.
Single molecule switch devices: A minireview
Published in Instrumentation Science & Technology, 2020
Yuanjing Li, Ke Xu, Xueyang Sun
Godlewski and coworkers[28] reported a molecular switch prepared by breaking a covalent bond between a planar aromatic molecule and a dangling bond (DB) dimer induced by the STM tip. Vibration excitation by inelastic tunneling electron excitation causes a continuous rotary switch. Controlling the movement of a single switch is achieved by the proper STM tip position and the application of the correct bias voltage in the tunnel junction.