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Verbal Reports
Published in Rich C. McIlroy, Neville A. Stanton, Eco-Driving, 2017
Rich C. McIlroy, Neville A. Stanton
The technique has two primary variants; concurrent think-aloud and retrospective think-aloud. Concurrent think-aloud requires an individual to verbalise their thoughts concurrently with task performance; in retrospective think-aloud the participant provides verbal reports after the task has finished. Each has its advantages and disadvantages, and each may be more suited to certain environments or domains (e.g. Banks et al. 2014b; Russo et al. 1989; Van den Haak et al. 2003).
A comparison of three think-aloud protocols used to evaluate a voice intelligent agent that expresses emotions
Published in Behaviour & Information Technology, 2019
Xiang Ji, Pei-Luen Patrick Rau
There is much debate about the use of the think-aloud method after it was first proposed by Ericsson and Simon (1980) and widely used in academic research and usability practice. The most important debate relates to when to think-aloud. Ericsson and Simon (1993) identified two types of think-aloud protocol: concurrent and retrospective think-aloud. In concurrent think-aloud, users verbalise their thoughts to an evaluator directly while performing a task. In contrast, in retrospective think-aloud, users first complete their task and verbalise their thoughts to the evaluator after task completion.
User Experience Evaluation: A Validation Study of a Tool-based Approach for Automatic Stress Detection Using Physiological Signals
Published in International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction, 2021
Alexandros Liapis, Christos Katsanos, Nikos Karousos, Michalis Xenos, Theofanis Orphanoudakis
Retrospective Think aloud (RTA) constitutes a usability evaluation method that collects data on users’ interaction experience through verbalization after task performance. In the RTA sessions of the present study, each of the participants reported a set of usability issues that they confronted while performing the interaction tasks.