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Nanoelectronics: Basic Concepts, Approaches, and Applications
Published in Rakesh K. Sindhu, Mansi Chitkara, Inderjeet Singh Sandhu, Nanotechnology, 2021
Balwinder Kaur, Radhika Marwaha, Subhash Chand, Balraj Saini
A resonant tunneling diode (RTD) is a diode in which electrons tunnel through some states that are in resonance. These diodes are operated by quantum mechanical tunneling, i.e., when a potential barrier is applied, electrons tunnel through certain energy levels. The tunneling of electrons is measured graphically via current–voltage characteristics. It was first proposed by Tus et al. [53]. The study of RTD is highly advantageous as circuit diagram is simple and negative differential resistance to yield to lower power consumption [54]. RTDs utilize microwave source (high frequency) in terahertz range [55]. RTDs have found their application in oscillators, optoelectronics, and detection of photons.
Semiconductor full quantum hydrodynamic model with non-flat doping profile: (II) semi-classical limit
Published in Applicable Analysis, 2023
The full quantum hydrodynamic (FQHD) model is used for the simulation of semiconductor quantum devices, like the resonant tunneling diode [2–5], and reads as follows: Compared with the semi-classical full hydrodynamic (FHD) model, the new features of the FQHD model are the Bohm potential term in the momentum equation (1b) and dispersive velocity term in the energy equation (1c). Both of them are called quantum correction terms (or dispersive terms) and belong to the third-order derivative terms of the system (3).
Test Pattern Generator for MV-Based QCA Combinational Circuit Targeting MMC Fault Models
Published in IETE Journal of Research, 2022
Some of such paradigms are Single Electron Transistor (SET) [4], Resonant Tunneling Diode (RTD) [5] and Quantum-dot Cellular Automata (QCA) [6]. Among these, QCA has attracted more attention due to the features like low power dissipation, high device density and high switching speed. QCA is an array of cells in which each cell consists of four or six quantum dots. The basic devices in the QCA are MV, inverter, binary wire, fanout wire and L-shaped wire [7]. Each QCA synthesis circuit consists of a network of MVs and inverters.