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Operational Power Control Systems
Published in Dale R. Patrick, Stephen W. Fardo, Brian W. Fardo, Electrical Power Systems Technology, 2021
Dale R. Patrick, Stephen W. Fardo, Brian W. Fardo
All the control components of a PLC are identified by a numbering system. As a rule, each manufacturer has a unique set of component numbers for its system. One manufacturer has a four-digit numbering system for referencing components. The numbers are divided into discrete component references and register references. A discrete component is used to achieve on and off control operations. Limit switches, pushbuttons, relay contacts, motor starters, relay coils, solenoid valves, and solid-state devices are examples of discrete component references. Registers are used to store some form of numerical data or information. Timing counts, number counts, and arithmetic data may be stored in register devices. All component references and register references are identified by a numbering system. Each manufacturer has a particular way of identifying system components.
Operational Power Control Systems
Published in Stephen W. Fardo, Dale R. Patrick, Electrical Power Systems Technology, 2020
Stephen W. Fardo, Dale R. Patrick
All the control components of a PLC are identified by a numbering system. As a rule, each manufacturer has a unique set of component numbers for its system. One manufacturer has a four-digit numbering system for referencing components. The numbers are divided into discrete component references and register references. A discrete component is used to achieve on and off control operations. Limit switches, pushbuttons, relay contacts, motor starters, relay coils, solenoid valves, and solid-state devices are examples of discrete component references. Registers are used to store some form of numerical data or information. Timing counts, number counts, and arithmetic data may be stored in register devices. All component references and register references are identified by a numbering system. Each manufacturer has a particular way of identifying system components.
Microprocessors
Published in Mike Tooley, Electronic Circuits, 2019
When the time comes to suspend a particular task in order to briefly attend to something else, most microprocessors make use of a region of external random access memory (RAM) known as a stack. When the main program is interrupted, the microprocessor temporarily places in the stack the contents of its internal registers together with the address of the next instruction in the main program. When the interrupt has been attended to, the microprocessor recovers the data that have been stored temporarily in the stack together with the address of the next instruction within the main program. It is thus able to return to the main program exactly where it left off and with all the data preserved in its registers. The stack pointer is simply a register that contains the address of the last used stack location.
FPGA design of arithmetic optimised APT-VDF using reusable Vedic multiplier with simplified combinational logics for medical signal denoising
Published in International Journal of Electronics, 2022
N. Alivelu Manga, G. Pradeep Kumar, V. Satyanarayana Tallapragada
In the proposed RVM-RDL, the same vertical and cross-product generation units are reused repeatedly for the reduction of the large area requirement. This reusable logic is similar to instruction pipelining. This pipelining includes reusing combinational logics optimally on the basis of dataflow. Here, the selection panel acts as a control unit for giving the flow to start, continue and stop as a program instructions. It permits storage and executions of instructions in an orderly manner. The pipeline is usually divided into levels, and these levels are connected with each other for the formation of a pipe-like arrangement. Similarly, the proposed design divides the processes to be executed into simpler processes. Hence, every segments in the pipeline system contain an input register followed by a combinational circuits. The register is utilised for holding data, and the combinational circuits are used to execute processes on it. The results produced by the combinational circuit are again stored in register to execute processes on data of next segment. In the proposed design, the same combinational circuits are reused by different segments. Also, the number of dependent levels varies based on the bit width. This pipelined method is utilised for increasing the throughput and reducing the power consumption of the system.
Synthesis of programmable biological central processing system
Published in Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers, 2021
Wei-Xian Li, Jiangfeng Cheng, Chun-Liang Lin, Chia-Feng Juang
In a typical CPU, registers are circuits composed of flip-flops, often with characteristics similar to memory. Typical registers can temporarily store address data, instruction data, and calculated data, and accelerate execution of the CPU without the need for fetching data from external memory. Registers are the top level in the memory hierarchy and can rapidly process data for the system. We constructed several types of biological registers to expedite data processing for the Bio-CPU. Registers in electronic circuits are commonly realized by D flip-flops (Lin, Kuo, and Chen 2015). In the proposed Bio-CPU, three types of biological D flip-flops are considered, namely the biological D flip-flop, the clock enable (CE) D flip-flop, and the Master-Slave D flip-flop.