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Application of Biomaterials and Finite Element Analysis (FEA) in Nanomedicine and Nanodentistry
Published in Sarhan M. Musa, Computational Finite Element Methods in Nanotechnology, 2013
Andy H. Choi, Jukka P. Matinlinna, Richard C. Conway, Besim Ben-Nissan
To prepare nanocrystalline apatites, methods of hydrothermal synthesis, wet chemical precipitation, sol–gel synthesis, mechanochemical synthesis, mechanical alloying, coprecipitation, ball milling, liquid–solid–solution synthesis, vibromilling of bones, radio frequency induction plasma, flame spray pyrolysis, electrocrystallization, microwave processing, hydrolysis of other calcium orthophosphates, double step stirring, emulsion- based, or solvothermal syntheses, and several other techniques are known. Continuous preparation procedures are also available [15,27,28].
Silicon nanowires as electron field emitters
Published in Klaus D. Sattler, Silicon Nanomaterials Sourcebook, 2017
Javier Palomino, Deepak Varshney, Brad R. Weiner, Gerardo Morell
In thermal CVD, temperatures can reach as high as 2000°C by use of resistive heating, radio frequency induction heating, or radiant heating. Hot wall thermal CVD reactors are typically large furnaces into which the substrates are placed and deposition is done on a large area substrate or several substrates at once, as shown in Figure 19.3.
Introduction to Silicon Wafer Processing
Published in Kumar Shubham, Ankaj Gupta, Integrated Circuit Fabrication, 2021
The melt the charge, radio frequency (induction heating) or resistance heating has been used. Induction heating is useful for small melt sizes, but resistance is used exclusively in large pullers. Resistance heaters at power levels involved are generally smaller, cheaper, easier to instrument and more efficient. A graphite heater is connected to a DC power supply.
Steady-State In-Pile Nuclear Thermal Propulsion Experimental Testbed Initial Demonstration at The Ohio State University Research Reactor
Published in Nuclear Technology, 2022
Tyler R. Steiner, Emily N. Hutchins, Richard H. Howard
Various facilities for performing out-of-pile testing on NTP fuels and components currently exist, and other capabilities are being developed to support in-pile irradiations. The Nuclear Thermal Rocket Element Environmental Simulator (NTREES) and the Compact Fuel Element Environmental Test (CFEET), both located at the NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, are considered the primary out-of-pile facilities. NTREES can simulate the thermal-hydraulic conditions within an NTR fuel element, but it cannot demonstrate NTP fluence levels. NTREES can reach temperatures of 3000 K, flowing hydrogen pressures of 7 MPa, and near-prototypical reactor channel power densities.8 CFEET is used for subscale, nonnuclear fuel element testing in stagnant hydrogen at prototypical temperatures. NTREES and CFEET both use radio-frequency–induction electrical heating.