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Optical Properties of Solids
Published in Elaine A. Moore, Lesley E. Smart, Solid State Chemistry, 2020
Elaine A. Moore, Lesley E. Smart
One way of producing polarised light is to use a Nicol prism. The Nicol prism exploits the splitting by calcite of a beam of light into two rays to produce polarised light. Two crystals of calcite are glued together using Canada balsam cement that has a refractive index between that of the ordinary ray and that of the extraordinary ray. When light hits the prism at certain angles, the ordinary ray is totally internally reflected at the boundary, but the extraordinary ray continues into the second crystal. Thus, the light emerging from the second crystal is polarized.
Crystal Chemistry and Specific Crystal Structures
Published in David W. Richerson, William E. Lee, Modern Ceramic Engineering, 2018
David W. Richerson, William E. Lee
Other important ABX3 compositions include CaCO3 of the [calcite] structure and the rare-earth LnFeO3 ferrites. Transparent single-crystal calcite is used for Nicol prisms in the polarizing microscope. Compositions in the LnFeO3 family are used for magnetic bubble domain devices.
The First Years of Modern Electro‐Optics—A Historical Review
Published in Stoyl P. Stoylov, Maria V. Stoimenova, Molecular and Colloidal Electro-Optics, 2016
The method is the following: attaching the two Nicol prisms simultaneously, with one polarizing the beam horizontally and the other vertically. The advantage of this technique is to use a system in which one can easily change the frequency. The results corresponding to the case of pure permanent and induced dipoles can be observed in Figure 0.7.
A Case Study on the Restoration of A Historical Masonry Building Based on Field Studies and Laboratory Analyses
Published in International Journal of Architectural Heritage, 2020
Baris Yildizlar, Baris Sayin, Cemil Akcay
An analysis was conducted to determine the texture and the minerals present within the samples. The slim sections prepared from the samples were coated in epoxy and then analyzed under a polarizing microscope (double Nicol prisms) and stereo microscope (single Nicol prism). The mineral content of the samples and their approximate percentages were identified from the analysis, and the results are presented in Table 8.