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Introduction
Published in Shoogo Ueno, Tsukasa Shigemitsu, Bioelectromagnetism, 2022
Shoogo Ueno, Tsukasa Shigemitsu
The modern world is full of invisible electromagnetic waves. As mentioned previously, non-ionizing radiation is an integral part of our lives. There are a wide variety of electromagnetic environments ranging from low frequency, intermediate frequency to millimeter and terahertz waves in our surrounding (Figure 1.1). Since the electromagnetic environment of non-ionizing radiation is invisible to the eye, many people are concerned about their potential health effects. Non-ionizing radiation are now being used in information and communication technologies and are expected to be actively employed further. In the future, as technological innovation advances, different frequencies will be used for the new generation networks (e.g., 5G) and for wireless power transfer. As new frequency bands of millimeter and terahertz waves begin to flood our living environment, it will be necessary to conduct further research to assess the exposure to electromagnetic field generated from the new generation technologies and their impact on human health and global environment. Therefore, the safety study of non-ionizing radiation to humans, nature and the global environment is being called for. The effective use of non-ionizing radiation in the field of biotechnology is also expected to become increased. For this purpose and owing to the rapid development of new technologies, it is necessary to conduct basic research on various forms of non-ionizing radiation from the viewpoint of bioelectromagnetism and to promote and discuss the possible human risks for humans and also their beneficial use.
Advanced Characterization Techniques: Conventional and Technical Textiles
Published in Sheraz Ahmad, Abher Rasheed, Ali Afzal, Faheem Ahmad, Advanced Textile Testing Techniques, 2017
Usman Zubair, Madeha Jabbar, Abher Rasheed, Sheraz Ahmad, Ali Afzal, Faheem Ahmad
Electromagnetic radiation is a form of energy. It has specific electrical and magnetic properties. Different particles behave differently when they are exposed to electromagnetic radiation. The wavelength range of such radiation is termed the electromagnetic spectrum (Sankaran and Ehsani, 2014). It has two parts, that is visible radiation and invisible radiation, depending on whether it is visible to the human eye. Other systems exist to identify the presence of the invisible part of the spectrum, which consists of radiowaves, microwaves, the infrared, the ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma rays. The different constituents of the electromagnetic spectrum are shown in Figure 3.30 (Stuart, 2004).
Investigating Effects of Radiation Due to Cell Phones on Health Parameters of Youngsters during Continuous Conversation
Published in Pandit B. Vidyasagar, Sagar S. Jagtap, Omprakash Yemul, Radiation in Medicine and Biology, 2017
Sakharam D. Aghav, Pandit B. Vidyasagar
Ultraviolet radiation cannot be seen by eyes, but its effect can be harmful. The same is the case of X-rays, which play an important role in diagnosis and treatment in medicine. X-rays allow physicians to examine the inner organs of the body, and any disorder in the functioning can be interpreted. The exposure to X-rays is kept to a minimum to avoid hazards of the invisible and high-energy radiation.
Multi-cloak invisibility, a new strategy for simultaneous acoustic and electromagnetic invisibility
Published in Waves in Random and Complex Media, 2023
Saeed Hasanpour Tadi, Babak Shokri
Objects can be hidden and electromagnetically invisible facing radars, eyes, cameras, night vision cameras, and electromagnetic waves detectors. Acoustic cloaking makes objects hidden against sonar, ears and any acoustic sensors and seismic waves cloaking can protect buildings against earthquake disturbing oscillations. In every branch of physics, there are some methods to create an ideal cloak, but nothing is perfect [22]. In each type of cloaking (EM, acoustic …), there are many techniques for detection, and the hidden object with perfect cloaking, is still detectable [23–25], although somewhat complicated. If an object is ideally cloaked against EM waves and cannot be detectable electromagnetically, it can be detected by other physical methods, for example by acoustic waves.