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Arctic Weather and Climate Patterns
Published in Neloy Khare, Climate Change in the Arctic, 2022
R. S. Maheskumar, S Sunitha Devi
Winds in the Arctic can vary a lot in strength, but they are typically light. Winds tend to be stronger in the Russian Arctic, where there are more storms than in the Canadian Arctic. Currents can be strong in the Atlantic sector of the Arctic, where there are many storms. Strong temperature inversions form in winter, which slow winds near the ground. Temperature inversions occur where air at the surface is cooler than the air above. These inversions disconnect the surface air from the air above.
Atmospheric Dispersion, Transport, and Deposition
Published in Wayne T. Davis, Joshua S. Fu, Thad Godish, Air Quality, 2021
Wayne T. Davis, Joshua S. Fu, Thad Godish
Radiational inversions are produced as a result of the radiational cooling of the ground. Because they form at night, they are also called nocturnal inversions. Radiational inversions are, in most cases, ground-based.
Causes of Climate Change and Legal Regulations
Published in Dalia Štreimikienė, Asta Mikalauskienė, Climate Change and Sustainable Development, 2021
Dalia Štreimikienė, Asta Mikalauskienė
Air quality: The likeliness of temperature inversions (especially at night) will increase, leading to a reduced emission dispersion. The permissible emission limit values will be more frequently exceeded in the cities. With the rise of the air temperature, the amount of harmful tropospheric ozone will also increase. As a result of the expanding duration of the growing season and the rise in the concentration of carbon dioxide in the air, the pollen concentrations and the likelihood of allergic diseases caused by them will also increase.
Temperature inversions in China derived from sounding data from 1976 to 2015
Published in Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology, 2021
Tingting Xu, Bing Liu, Minsi Zhang, Yu Song, Ling Kang, Tiantian Wang, Mingxu Liu, Xuhui Cai, Hongsheng Zhang, Tong Zhu
From 10 to 13 January 2013, extremely severe and persistent haze occurred over north China. The record-breaking high concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) > 700 μg m−3 (hourly average) and the persistence of the episodes have raised widespread concern (Huang et al., 2014a; Sun et al., 2014). In response to the extremely severe and persistent haze pollution, temperature inversions were investigated at Beijing from 8 to 16 January 2013 (Fig. S12). Although temperature inversions appeared on 8 and 9 January, their strengths were lower than 2 °C and PM2.5 concentrations were 24 and 83 μg m−3, respectively. Stronger SI or EI began from 10 January and persisted; the inversion strengths exceeded 5 °C, which resulted in PM2.5 pollution with increased concentrations of 201 and 222 μg m−3 on 10 and 11 January, respectively. The strongest inversion occurred on 12 January with an inversion strength of 8 °C, accompanied by the most serious pollution with a PM2.5 concentration of 375 μg m−3 (Fig. S13). The temperature inversion remained from 13 to 14 January but was much weaker than on 12 January; the inversion strengths were lower than 4 °C, which resulted in slightly less pollution with lower PM2.5 concentrations of 242 and 131 μg m−3. Temperature inversion continued to become weaker on 15 January, with an inversion strength lower than 3 °C accompanied by decreasing PM2.5 with a concentration of 91 μg m−3. On 16 January, the temperature inversion disappeared and the PM2.5 concentration decreased to 60 μg m−3. This serious and persistent air pollution indicates that temperature inversions, particularly strong inversions, have a profound negative impact on air quality.