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Health Impacts/Risks of Light Pollution
Published in Tuan Anh Nguyen, Ram K. Gupta, Nanotechnology for Light Pollution Reduction, 2023
Humira Assad, Ishrat Fatma, Ashish Kumar
Glare usually occurs due to excessive differences between bright and dim regions within the sector of see. For instance, glare can be defined as observing the fiber of an unfortified or severely guarded light directly. Pedestrians and vehicles can have their night visualization obliterated for up to an hour subsequently being exposed to bright light. Glare, which is generated by a large dissimilarity between light and dark regions, can also formulate it harder for the human eye to regulate to brilliance contrasts. Glare is a particular problem in street security since vivid and/or poorly covered lighting on the street can blind vehicles and cause accidents. Owing to light dispersion within the eye caused by extreme luminosity, or emission of light from dark bands within the visual regions with a brightness comparable to the baseline luminance, glare can cause reduced contrast. This type of glare is known as veiling glare, and it is a type of incapacity glare. As illustrated in Figure 5.2, glare is further divided into three types: blinding glare, disability glare, and discomfort glare.
Testing the Workplace Environment
Published in Samuel G. Charlton, Thomas G. O’Brien, Handbook of Human Factors Testing and Evaluation, 2019
For the practitioner, both ambient illumination (i.e., the light surrounding an operator) and glare (i.e., light reflected from surfaces) are of primary concern. A bright light shone into the operator’s eyes as he or she attempts to observe a dim object (for example, a computer display next to a large window at a busy airport security terminal) and reflected glare from work surfaces are common causes of reduced performance in visual tasks. Glare can also cause visual discomfort leading to headaches and other physical maladies, even with relatively short exposure. Measuring illumination and glare is not always a simple matter of setting up the right test equipment and recording measurements, especially in a chaotic operational environment. (Nor is it always economically feasible to do so). When measurement is not possible, the practitioner should at least observe when and under what circumstances an operator may be having trouble in his or her task because of poor illumination or glare. Later, if the magnitude of the problem warrants, it may be possible to investigate the matter further under controlled conditions. (Or, if it is an economic issue, the apparent severity of the problem may warrant the cost of measurement equipment.)
Influence of alcoholic solvents on the anti-glare property of silica sol-gel thin films
Published in Artde D.K.T. Lam, Stephen D. Prior, Siu-Tsen Shen, Sheng-Joue Young, Liang-Wen Ji, Engineering Innovation and Design, 2019
Yu-Hui Huang, Huann-Ming Chou, Lung-Chuan Chen
With the advancement of technology, humans receive a lot of information through electronic products. Electronic displays deliver these messages through human’s eyes to our brains. Visual comfort and fine legibility are the basics of the display. The ambient illumination is an important factor affecting visual performance and visual fatigue. Excess illumination may cause annoyance, discomfort, and impair vision due to exceeding brightness of the acceptable level of human’s eyes, which is called as glare. Glare originates from direct illumination and reflected illumination from the bodies within the vision field. Glare reduces visual performance, legibility and injuries eyes. Anti-Glare treatment could reduce the high light intensity and glare caused by excessive concentration of light, thereby improving the user’s comfort for cover lens. Depositing a rough thin film and laminating a matte surface layer are broadly adopted for antiglare treatment. (Lin, 2008).
The Effect of a Pre-Trial Range Demonstration on Subjective Evaluations Using Category Rating of Discomfort Due to Glare
Published in LEUKOS, 2021
In both experiments, discomfort was evaluated at four luminances associated with different levels of visual discomfort, referred here as glare settings (Table 1). These luminances were intended to provide the four levels of visual discomfort as used in Hopkinson’s multiple criterion scale (Hopkinson 1960). The appropriate luminances for the current context were determined using the Illuminating Engineering Society Glare Index (IES-GI) (1), originally proposed by the luminance study panel of the IES technical committee (Robinson et al. 1962). Since the VDU was located below the glare source, the position index formula (2) proposed by Luckiesh and Guth (1949) was used to modify the glare index formula for glare sources located below the line of sight (IESNA 2011).
Performance of a new device for the clinical determination of light discomfort
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2020
Robert Montés-Micó, Alejandro Cerviño, Noelia Martínez-Albert, José V. García-Marqués, Sarah Marie
Glare is the loss of visual performance or discomfort caused by an intensity of light in the visual field above the intensity threshold to which the eyes are adapted, and can be therefore subdivided into discomfort and disability glare. Disability glare is a well-known consequence of intraocular straylight. Intraocular light scatter is light that has reflected, refracted, diffracted, or experienced multiple combinations of all three from particles along the optical path of travel [19]. Fan-Paul et al. [20] highlighted the fact that glare and disability glare are often confused in the literature. Glare refers to the light source whereas disability glare corresponds to the reduction in visual performance due to a glare source and is the result of forward light scattering [21]. Considering that scattered light causes contrast loss in the final retinal image, the estimation of straylight becomes very important in clinical applications, such as diagnosing patients with complaints caused by large light scattering in the eyes such as lens opacities or corneal turbidity after laser corneal surgery [22–24]. The principles behind it are well known, and several clinical devices have been developed over the years to evaluate straylight and disability glare [24–26] and other related light disturbances [24].
Searching for office buildings’ fenestration geometries with a Bi-phase optimization framework
Published in Science and Technology for the Built Environment, 2020
The indoor VC includes four main sub-objectives: the amount of light, glare risk, light distribution, and the light quality (Carlucci et al. 2015). The light quality is excluded first because it only evaluates the artificial lighting rather than the natural daylight. The glare is usually calculated by associating luminance values or distributions with human glare sensation (Carlucci et al. 2015). The uniformity of light distribution is usually identified by the ratio between the minimum and the mean illuminance of the natural daylight. However, the present study only investigates fenestration without shading devices or blinds, which influences glare and light distribution a lot. Therefore, the uniformity of light distribution is not considered herein. The sub-objective of VC pursued here is only the “amount of light”, whose indicators are shortly reviewed in the following paragraph.