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Floodlighting
Published in J. R. Coaton, A. M. Marsden, Lamps and Lighting, 2012
For refineries (Figure 22.10) and tank farms the plant layout is extremely complex with major light obstruction and work being carried out at various levels above ground level (CIBSE 1983). High mounted floodlights, in numerous positions sited outside the designated hazardous areas, can provide lighting for safe movement and some task work. For the many areas where adequate illuminance cannot be provided by this system, local lighting from general dispersive units will need to be installed, for example on access ladders, walkways and at valve and gauge positions. The positioning of these units should be chosen so as to avoid glare when they are viewed from different levels. Most of this local lighting equipment will be bulkhead or wellglass units with high- and low-pressure discharge lamps and will need to be suited to the hazard rating for the processes and substances present in the area, as discussed in section 18.1.
Developing a sustainable energy strategy for Midtjyllands Airport, Denmark
Published in International Journal of Sustainable Transportation, 2023
Patrick Bujok, Frans Bjørn-Thygesen, George Xydis
Due to not existing consumption data of individual electricity users, only assumptions can be made: It is to be expected that besides the new in-door lighting system, most likely the out-door lighting system (floodlight), electric ground support vehicle, old escalator, security scanner systems, and airport’s office department are the major SEUs. Moreover, focusing on the relatively high base load (both 95% and 99.99%, Figure 15) in combination with analysis of the individual daily hours (Figure 16), it can be assumed that, at night, several electrical consumers still consume energy even though they are not in use because of reduced or any passenger movement. The same accounts for holiday periods in which the passenger traffic generally decreases while the absolute base load remains equally high. Furthermore, large amount of electric energy is consumed during the late afternoon and evening. This is most likely caused by arriving passengers after regular workdays. However, the frequent energy peaks form in total a large share of the daily energy profile and, therefore, further examinations are needed.